Entrenamientos VO2max vs Umbral láctico

In training, we need indicators to adjust the most suitable intensity based on the objectives of each training session. The VO2 max value is frequently used to adjust intensities by percentage based on maximum oxygen consumption. On the other hand, the lactate test is performed to identify the lactate threshold. The objective of this post is to analyze both tests, the usefulness of each, and, more importantly, how we apply the values ​​obtained in each of the two tests to our daily training practice. VO2 max is defined as the maximum oxygen consumption that our body can use in metabolic pathways to obtain energy for muscle contraction. It is usually expressed in ml of O2/kg of the athlete's body weight/minute. The VO2 max test is usually performed in a clinic, with a mask, and on a treadmill, to measure O2 consumption in relation to exhaled CO2. In this way, the respiratory O2 consumed/CO2 exhaled ratio, called the Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER), determines the maximum O2 consumed by the athlete during phases of maximum intensity. The protocol is usually performed on a treadmill or ergometer, lasting between 12 and 15 minutes, with a progressive increase in intensity every minute, until fatigue is reached. At the end of the test, the O2/CO2 ratio should be 1 or even slightly higher than 1, indicating that the athlete has reached maximum O2 consumption. Once VO2max is known, using the pulse rate (HR, maximum heart rate reached), a percentage of the maximum is then established to manage training intensities. However, no direct correlation has been established between VO2max and performance; that is, athletes with a higher VO2max are not necessarily those who perform best in competition. The main reason for this lack of correlation is due to the efficiency of O2 utilization to generate energy in the muscle involved in sports activity. In other words, high O2 consumption does not necessarily imply efficient O2 utilization by muscle cells. Furthermore, the protocol typically performed in clinical settings is difficult to implement outside of clinical practice. Therefore, the VO2max test may not be the most appropriate indicator of performance, nor a value to use in calculating an athlete's training intensities.