Effet Dunning-Kruger : pourquoi les moins compétents en doutent le moins

In 1999, David Dunning and Justin Kruger published a finding in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology that challenged the prevailing management culture. The least competent individuals in a given field massively overestimate their abilities. The quartile least competent in logic ranks, on average, in the 62nd percentile of self-assessed logic, while their objective performance is in the 12th percentile. Cognitive psychology describes this phenomenon. Psychoanalysis sheds light on its underlying mechanism. Heinz Kohut, in *The Self*, published in 1971, theorized the narcissistic defense against inadequacy. Sigmund Freud described the mechanism of denial, which refuses to acknowledge a reality that is too destabilizing. Karen Horney, in *Neurosis and Human Growth*, published in 1950, theorized the opposite of this phenomenon: the tyranny of the ego ideal, which produces in the most competent individuals a persistent doubt and an imposter syndrome. In this video, I explain exactly what Dunning and Kruger discovered, what Kohut, Freud, and Horney theorized long before them, and why this bias is one of the main causes of hiring and promotion errors in companies. A 2014 study in Personnel Psychology shows that overconfident candidates are 30 percent more likely to be hired than objectively more competent candidates who exhibit methodical doubt. 00:00 Introduction 01:30 Dunning and Kruger's Original 1999 Experiment 04:00 Kohut and Narcissistic Defense 06:30 Freud and the Mechanism of Denial 09:00 Karen Horney and the Tyranny of the Ego Ideal 11:30 Imposter Syndrome as the Flip Side of Dunning-Kruger 14:00 Recruitment Driven by Empty Insurance 16:30 Real Talents Leaving 19:00 How to Identify Dunning-Kruger in an Interview Subscribe for insightful videos at the intersection of psychoanalysis and everyday life. #dunningkruger #freud #kohut #horney #psychoanalysis #management #hr #recruitment #impostersyndrome #mentalhealth