HEGEMONIA · A Era de Ouro Americana e Sua Crise (1945-1971) | Maria da Conceição Tavares

American hegemony was not built solely with weapons, but with the imposition of a global economic model that, starting in the 1970s, began to crumble from within. In this seventh masterclass, Professor Maria da Conceição Tavares analyzes the trajectory of the United States from the postwar period to the Reagan era, demystifying the "Golden Age" of capitalism. Tavares explains how the internationalization of American companies (multinationals) paradoxically ended up weakening the US domestic economy, creating competitors in Europe and leading to deindustrialization. The lecture culminates in an analysis of the "conservative turn": when the US loses industrial competitiveness to Japan and Germany, it uses the power of the dollar and interest rates (Volcker Shock) to break the Third World and reaffirm its dominance through financialization. Lesson Highlights: The Invasion of Multinational Corporations: How American companies bypassed European protectionist barriers and created the "Common Market" in their own image. The Japanese and German Challenge: The loss of leadership in the automotive and electronics industries and the American response (giving up the "poor" industry and focusing on the military/technological sector). The End of the Gold Standard (1971): Nixon's default and the transformation of the international monetary system to serve American deficits. The Crisis of the 1970s: Oil shocks, stagflation, and the failure of Johnson's "Great Society". Reagan and Volcker's "Revenge": The brutal increase in interest rates in 1979 as a weapon to destroy domestic inflation and subdue peripheral economies (debt crisis). This video is crucial for understanding the origins of current financial globalization and why the US became a service and speculation economy, abandoning its manufacturing past. 00:00:00 - American Hegemony: Introduction to the Post-War Power System 00:06:00 - The New Role of the State and the Order of American Hegemony 00:15:20 - "Domesticated Keynesianism" (Neoclassical Synthesis) 00:23:45 - The Bretton Woods System and the Dollar-Gold Standard 00:32:00 - American Model (Fordism) vs. European Model (Social Democracy) 00:43:10 - The Architecture of the "Welfare State" 00:52:40 - The "Social Pact": Wages Indexed to Productivity 01:01:05 - Schumpeter in Suspended: Capitalism without "Creative Destruction" 01:07:30 - The "Stop-and-Go" Dynamic and Relative Stability 01:10:45 - Conclusion: A Stable Growth Anomaly #hegemoniaamericana #mariadaconceicaotavares #historiaeconomica #geopolitica #financialcrisis #economicdevelopment Date: June 10, 1992