150 Preguntas de HISTORIA UNIVERSAL ✅ [Examen UNAM]

150 Frequently Asked Questions on Universal History from the UNAM Exam. ✅ Study hard and take care of yourself ✌️ 👇👇 EXTRA QUESTIONS 👇👇 ►PIERRE SAUVAGE POINTS OUT THAT JOURNALISM AND HISTORY HAVE A CLOSE RELATIONSHIP, SINCE HISTORY'S MAIN OBJECTIVE IS: R = The study of the past to understand the present. ►AUXILIARY DISCIPLINE OF HISTORY THAT STUDIES THE MODES OF PRODUCTION THAT OCCURRED IN PAST ERAS: R = Economics. ►FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF 18TH-CENTURY BOURGEOIS IDEOLOGY: R= Promotion of Reason, Liberty, Equality, Natural Human Rights, and the Sovereignty of the People. ►WHAT WERE THE PURPOSES OF THE LATE 18TH-CENTURY REVOLUTIONS? R= Defeat of feudalism and combat the privileges of the nobility and clergy. ►THE INDEPENDENCE ACT OF THE 13 NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES WAS DRAFTED BY: R= Thomas Jefferson. ►WHAT WERE THE POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION THROUGH THE NAPOLEONIC CONQUESTS? R= Form a modern government based on a constitution and establish France as a great political power. ►A CONSERVATIVE POLITICAL PROCESS AFTER NAPOLEON BONAPARTE WAS: A= The Congress of Vienna. ►THE MAIN DEMAND OF THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1830 WAS: A= The creation of national states governed by constitutions. ►THE TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES THAT OCCURRED DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION WERE: A= The use of machines in textile production and the increase in iron production. ►INVENTOR OF THE ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB: Thomas Alva Edison. ►INVENTOR OF THE RADIO: Guglielmo Marconi. ►INVENTOR OF THE TELEGRAPH: Samuel Morse. ►COUNTRIES THAT DURING THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY EMERGED AS INDEPENDENT STATES FROM NATIONALISM AND COMMERCIAL UNION: A= Italy and Germany. ►(Fill in the blanks) AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE LIBERAL REVOLUTION OF 1830 IN ITALY, ____________ AND VICTOR EMMANUEL II LED A WAR AGAINST _______, WHICH BROUGHT WITH IT THE UNIFICATION MOVEMENT IN THAT COUNTRY. A= Joseph Garibaldi/Austria. ►(Read the following text carefully.) "Towards the end of the 18th century, England, like other nations, established its colonial empire by displacing the old powers. Among its possessions were Canada, India, Australia, South Africa, and Egypt. This empire established a new political and administrative structure that mirrored England's, creating protectorates, companies, and viceroyalties." What does the above text refer to? A = English imperialism. ►19TH-CENTURY EUROPEAN COLONIAL EXPANSION WAS JUSTIFIED BY: A = The civilizing mission of the white man. ►RELATE THE 19TH-CENTURY POWERS WITH TWO OF THEIR POLITICAL-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS. Germany: Established trade relations with Togo, Cameroon, and Southwest Africa/Negotiated the construction of Baghdad to link the Bosphorus with the Persian Gulf. Japan: Defeated Russia in 1905, which facilitated the creation of trade zones of influence. It adopted a foreign policy that enabled its dominance of some Chinese islands and Korea. ►NOBEL PRIZE WINNER WHO DISCOVERED URANIUM RADIOACTIVITY: Henri Becquerel. ►RELATE THE CHARACTERS TO THE EVENTS OF WORLD WAR I. Woodrow Wilson: Created a document consisting of 14 points. Nicholas II: Russian Tsar who participated in World War I. Paul von Hindenburg: German general who defeated the Russians at Tannenberg. Franz Ferdinand: Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Vladimir Lenin: Led the October Revolution. ►THE DEVALUATION OF THE DOLLAR, BLACK THURSDAY, AND THE STOCK MARKET CRASH REFERS TO: R= The Wall Street Crash ►RELATES 20TH-CENTURY TO THEIR DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS. German Nazism: Used ideas of racial superiority to justify its crimes against minority groups. Italian Fascism: Maintained good relations with the Church and resorted to the repression of working-class groups. Japanese militarism: Promoted a belief in superiority based on its industrial production. ►CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FINAL PHASE OF WORLD WAR II: R= United States intervention and the Allied counteroffensive. ►CONSEQUENCES OF WORLD WAR II: Bipolar World. ►WHO WAS THE FIRST MAN TO STEP ON THE MOON: Neil Armstrong. ►AGENCY RESPONSIBLE FOR PROVIDING FINANCIAL AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRIES: R = World Bank. (NOTE: The World Bank provides financial loans to poor countries with the goal of reducing poverty; while the International Monetary Fund provides loans to member countries to support their economies and for project development.)