ГАЛУНГГУНГ 1982: Вулкан, который выключил самолёт в небе

June 24, 1982. A Boeing 747 on British Airways Flight 9 is cruising over the Indian Ocean at eleven kilometers. The radar shows clear sky. Within minutes, all four engines will fail at once. This is a film about the longest unpowered flight in the history of commercial aviation — and about the invisible cloud of volcanic ash that modern meteorology only learned to detect after this night. About Captain Eric Moody's decision to descend, when procedure called for the opposite. And about how the physics of vitrified ash saved two hundred and sixty-three lives at twelve thousand feet. Twenty-eight years later, the same mechanism would shut down air traffic across all of Europe. 00:00 Night over the Indian Ocean 00:37 Flight 9 and the Boeing 747 crew 01:23 Blue fire on the wings 05:23 All four engines fail 07:43 Why the radar didn't see the ash 11:44 Galunggung and the missed warning 13:28 How ash destroys turbines 15:58 13 minutes without thrust 16:55 Captain Moody's legendary announcement 17:46 The decision to descend 19:05 Engine restart and landing 19:56 What Rolls-Royce engineers found 22:24 A new aviation safety system 23:35 Eyjafjallajökull and the lesson of 2010 25:16 Eric Moody's legacy Sources: Global Volcanism Program. (1982). Galunggung (263180). Smithsonian Institution Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 7(6). Global Volcanism Program. (1982). Galunggung (263180). Smithsonian Institution Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 7(12). Tootell, B. (1985). All Four Engines Have Failed: The True and Triumphant Story of Flight BA 009 and the Jakarta Incident. André Deutsch. Air Accidents Investigation Branch. (1985). Report on the incident to Boeing 747-236B, G-BDXH, near Jakarta, Indonesia, on 24 June 1982 (Aircraft Accident Report 5/85). United Kingdom Department of Transport. Casadevall, T. J. (1994). Volcanic ash and aviation safety: Proceedings of the first international symposium. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2047. Przedpelski, Z. J., & Casadevall, T. J. (1994). Impact of volcanic ash from the 15 December 1989 Redoubt Volcano eruption on GE CF6-80C2 turbofan engines. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 2047. Skybrary. (n.d.). B742, en-route, Jakarta Indonesia, 1982 (Volcanic ash). Flight Safety Foundation. International Civil Aviation Organization. (2019). Manual on Volcanic Ash, Radioactive Material and Toxic Chemical Clouds (Doc 9691). ICAO. Gudmundsson, M. T., et al. (2012). Ash generation and distribution from the April–May 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland. Scientific Reports, 2, 572. Bolić, T., & Sivčev, Ž. (2011). Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland: Experience of European air traffic management. Transportation Research Record, 2214(1), 136–143.