MASTERCLASS in Koreanischer Höflichkeit mit 으시/시 | Koreanisch für Anfänger Lektion 80

📚 Our book on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3znC9zb 📓 Korean notebook on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3NOtaiP 🔴 Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/koreanischk... 📫 Subscribe to our emails: https://koreanischkurs.com/newsletter/ The polite form of 존댓말 (in Korean) with 요 (in Korean) is already polite. You normally use the ending 요, and apart from a few exceptional situations where we use 니다 (in Korean), we haven't learned anything else yet. However, there are even higher levels of politeness. That's what this lesson is about. In this lesson, we'll learn the very polite form of 존댓말. When do we need an even more polite form of 존댓말? It depends on the situation and personal preference, but in this lesson, we'll learn two situations where we need an even higher level of Korean politeness. The first situation is when the subject is someone older or in a higher position. So, when we talk to someone about a third party who is older or in a higher position, we need the very polite form of 존댓말 (pronounced "sir"). Whether we use the very polite form of 존댓말 depends on who we're talking about, not who we're talking to. How is the very polite form formed? V/A으세요./세요. 아버지가 책을 읽으세요. 어머니는 회사에 가세요. The very polite form of 존댓말 is actually also a 요 form. 요 still appears at the end of the verb, but we add 으시/시 to the verb or adjectival stem. 으시/시 thus stands between the verb stem and another grammatical form, such as the present or past tense. So, when we talk about a respected person with someone of the same age, rank, and whom we know, we use the 으시/시 form without 요, but instead, we use the medieval language. Therefore, when talking about a respected person in 반말, we use 으셔/셔. Now let's look at the second case where we use the very polite form with 으시 or 시. Up until now, we've been talking about a subject in the third person, that is, about another person who is older or in a higher position. Now we'll look at how 으시/시 is used in the second person. As I said at the beginning, 으시/시 is about who we're talking about. Therefore, when I'm speaking directly to another person, I only use 으시/시 when speaking in the second person, that is, when I'm talking about the other person and not about myself. If I'm making a statement about myself, I wouldn't use 으시/시 because the politeness always refers to another person. Either the person I'm talking to or, as in the first part of the video, a third person. In contrast, the politeness of 요 always refers to the person we're talking to, not a third person, and we also use 요 when we're talking about ourselves. As you know, we mostly use the formal "요" form in everyday conversation. We would only use "반말" with close friends of the same age or family members. The polite form "으시/시," on the other hand, is usually used with people who are much older or have a much higher status. So far, we've only used the formal "요" form because the formal "으시/시" form is not easy to form and is especially complicated for beginners. When we ask a respected person a direct, personal question, we use the formal "으시/시" form. What's the answer? Quite normal. The subject is "I," I'm talking about myself and not about the other person, so we don't need "으시/시." Of course, we still need "요" because "요" is about who we're talking to, not about who we're talking about. ... When we ask someone a question that isn't personal, meaning it doesn't directly relate to the other person, we don't use the 으시/시 form because we're not talking about the other person. If we ask, "Do you have a book?", we would use 으시/시 because the subject is the other person, so we're asking something personal. However, if we ask whether there's a book in the library, we don't use 으시/시 because we're talking about something, not the other person. If we ask a respected person if they like 불고기 (a type of salami), we use 으시/시. If we've never eaten 불고기 before and ask the same person if 불고기 is good, meaning if 불고기 generally tastes good, we don't use 으시/시 because it's not about the other person. As mentioned, does 으시/시 always refer to the person we're talking about? So, I could be talking to Gerhard about my father and use 으시/시 because I'm talking about my father, but I omit 요 because I'm talking to Gerhard. The reverse is also possible. I could be talking to my father about my niece 서윤 and use the 요 form because I'm talking to my father, but not the 으시/시 form because we're talking about 서윤. LEARN KOREAN WITH THE PODCAST: https://podcast.koreanischkurs.com/ FIND THE KOREAN COURSE ON INSTAGRAM:   / koreanischkurs