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HOW THE HALL SENSOR WORKS The complexity of electronic injection systems is due to the wide variety of components and the high number of existing systems. Starting with this edition, we will be presenting a series of articles covering the operation and particularities of various sensor and actuator elements. We will now address the crankshaft position and rotation sensor (HALL sensor). Operating principle. This sensor is of "vital" importance in the operation of the Electronic Injection system. It is located inside the distributor assembly. It is used by most injected vehicles that still use an ignition distributor (dynamic ignition). During starting or with the engine running, it sends signals (negative pulses) to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) to calculate the engine speed and identify the position of the crankshaft. Without this signal, the system does not operate. Its most common configuration (applied to 4-cylinder engines) consists of: The HALL sensor is a semiconductor pad powered by approximately 12 Volts DC. The rotational movement of the distributor shaft is transmitted to the rotating disc with 4 windows. When the opening of the rotating disc is positioned between the HALL sensor and the permanent magnet, the sensor is immersed in the magnetic field of the magnet. In this situation, a negative signal is emitted that generates a voltage of approximately 12 Volts DC inside the Control Unit. 2. When the disc is positioned between the magnet and the sensor, there is no contact between the HALL sensor and the magnetic field and the voltage generated is zero Volts DC. Based on the frequency of variation of the signal between zero and 12 volts DC, the ECU calculates the engine speed. The rotating disc can have 4 equal windows or 3 equal windows and one larger one (depending on the system in question). On a disc with 4 equal windows, the beginning of the windows indicates how many degrees** 2 of the cylinders are from top dead center. On a disc with 3 equal windows and one larger window, the beginning of the larger window indicates how many degrees** the 1st cylinder is from top dead center. ** This angle varies according to the injection system. LEAVE YOUR COMMENT, YOUR LIKE, TURN ON THE NOTIFICATION BELL, SUBSCRIBE, SHARE WITH YOUR FRIENDS AND THANK YOU. Escotec professional qualification Grupo Bueno professional training Grupo Bueno professional training Escotec professional qualification Escotec video lesson