Michael Krieg: Line Array Phase, Wavelength & Why Arrays Work | Live Sound Summit 2018

Originally presented at the Live Sound Summit 2018 Michael Krieg dives deep into the physics that make line arrays work, and honestly? This is the kind of presentation that changes how you think about what's happening when you hang a box. Michael doesn't just show you pretty pictures - he breaks down phase relationships, wavelength behavior, and why arrays actually couple the way they do. *What You'll Learn:* How phase and wavelength determine array behavior at different frequencies Why line arrays work (the actual physics, not marketing speak) Coupling vs. non-coupling frequencies and what that means for coverage Phase alignment between elements and why it matters The relationship between array length and frequency response Practical implications for rigging and aiming decisions *About Michael Krieg:* Michael is VP of Education and Application Support at Danley Sound Labs and a veteran of live sound education. He's known for breaking down complex acoustic concepts into understandable explanations without dumbing them down. --- *Important Note:* This presentation was recorded in 2018. While the fundamental physics of line arrays haven't changed (physics tends to be pretty stable that way), some specific products, measurement tools, or best practices mentioned may have evolved. *Special Thanks:* Huge appreciation to Michael Krieg for allowing us to share this content, and to everyone who made the Live Sound Summit 2018 happen. --- *Chapters:* 00:00 - Introduction & Welcome 01:30 - What is Sound: Movement & Fundamentals 02:46 - Frequency Characteristics (Low vs High) 03:24 - Amplitude & Sound Pressure Levels 04:13 - Wavelength Explained (Why It Matters for Arrays) 05:38 - Period & Frequency Relationship Chart 06:46 - Phase Fundamentals (It's Not That Hard) 08:24 - Phase in Different Frequencies 10:21 - Phase in Arrays & Multiple Frequencies 01:15:06 - Q&A and Closing Remarks --- *Sound Design Live:* For more live sound education and resources, visit sounddesignlive.com #LiveSound #LineArrays #Acoustics #AudioEngineering #SoundEngineer #ArrayDesign