Metabolismo de Eicosanoides - Aula para Ensino Superior

In this video you will find: The main aspects of eicosanoid metabolism. These compounds act predominantly through paracrine signaling, regulating processes such as inflammation, pain, fever, vasodilation, gastric secretion, reproduction, and blood coagulation. The lesson describes the metabolic origin of eicosanoids, highlighting the role of linoleic acid (omega-6) as a dietary precursor of arachidonate, which, after elongation and desaturation steps, becomes incorporated into membrane phospholipids. In response to stimuli such as trauma, inflammation, hormones, or increased Ca²⁺, arachidonate is released by the action of phospholipase A₂ and is converted into different classes of eicosanoids. Through the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, arachidonate originates prostaglandin H₂ (PGH₂), a common precursor for prostacyclin, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes. Prostacyclin (PGI₂) exerts vasodilatory and antiplatelet effects; prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) participates in inflammatory responses, pain sensitization, gastric mucosa protection, and uterine contractions; thromboxane A₂ (TXA₂), synthesized by platelets, promotes platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. The functional balance between PGI₂ and TXA₂ is crucial for vascular homeostasis. In the lipoxygenase pathway, arachidonate gives rise to leukotrienes, potent mediators involved in bronchoconstriction, increased mucus production, vascular permeability, edema, anaphylaxis, and leukocyte recruitment. This lesson also discusses COX-1 (constitutive) and COX-2 (inducible) isoforms, as well as the pharmacological action of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, ibuprofen, glucocorticoids, and their repercussions on the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes. Therapeutic effects, clinical risks, and implications for inflammation, hemostasis, and gastric protection are highlighted. 📚 Ideal for: students of Biomedicine, Medicine, Nutrition, Pharmacy, and health-related courses. 🔔 Subscribe to the channel, activate the bell, and continue learning Biochemistry in a simple, fun, and scientific way! 👉 Support the channel 😊 PIX key: [email protected] #eicosanoids #biochemistry #inflammation #prostaglandins #thromboxane #leukotrienes #COX1 #COX2 #aspirin #fattyacids #metabolism