ALKANY, ALKENY I ALKINY - właściwości chemiczne. chemia #34

How can you predict the chemical properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes simply by looking at their structural formula, i.e., analyzing the composition and type of bonds? All hydrocarbons contain carbon and hydrogen atoms and undergo combustion depending on the availability of oxygen – a high oxygen content indicates complete combustion, moderate oxygen content indicates partial combustion, and a low oxygen content indicates incomplete combustion. Analyzing chemical bonds, alkanes have only single bonds, meaning four equally valuable bonds. Therefore, there is no weak link – a hydrogen atom can be exchanged for a similar atom, a halogen – thus, we have an exchange or substitution reaction. Alkenes and alkynes have multiple bonds, meaning they have weak points – bonds that are higher in energy, i.e., weaker – they are subject to cleavage and addition, i.e., bonds that are more similar, such as halogens, hydrogen molecules, water, and hydrogen halides, can add. Alkanes, having only single bonds, burn organic compounds, i.e., carbon compounds. Combustion is a reaction with oxygen. Organic compounds are composed of carbon and hydrogen. The amount of oxygen used is important in this reaction. If there is a lot of it, we have complete combustion, if less, partial combustion, and if little, incomplete combustion. In recent years, the nomenclature has changed, and only complete and incomplete combustion are distinguished. The products are always water and carbon monoxide in complete combustion, carbon monoxide in partial combustion, and carbon in incomplete combustion. We always write the combustion equation while following the instructions, i.e., whether we should write complete combustion, partial combustion, or incomplete combustion. Watch the next episodes of the organic chemistry series. Links below:    • SPALANIE całkowite i niecałkowite ZWIĄZKÓW...   Carbon atom hybridization in alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes:    • Hybrydyzacja sp, sp2, sp3 w alkanach, alke...   Come join us.