MCQs on Formalism | Literary Theory | Russian Formalism | New Criticism #formalism

Formalism, also called Russian Formalism, Russian Russky Formalism, innovative 20th-century Russian school of literary criticism. It began in two groups: OPOYAZ, an acronym for Russian words meaning Society for the Study of Poetic Language, founded in 1916 at St. Petersburg (later Leningrad) and led by Viktor Shklovsky; and the Moscow Linguistic Circle, founded in 1915. Other members of the groups included Osip Brik, Boris Eikhenbaum, Yury Tynianov, and Boris Tomashevsky. Although the Formalists based their assumptions partly on the linguistic theory of Ferdinand de Saussure and partly on Symbolist notions concerning the autonomy of the text and the discontinuity between literary and other uses of language, the Formalists sought to make their critical discourse more objective and scientific than that of Symbolist criticism. Allied at one point to the Russian Futurists and opposed to sociological criticism, the Formalists placed an “emphasis on the medium” by analyzing the way in which literature, especially poetry, was able to alter artistically or “make strange” common language so that the everyday world could be “defamliarized.” They stressed the importance of form and technique over content and looked for the specificity of literature as an autonomous verbal art. They studied the various functions of “literariness” as ways to separate poetry and fictional narrative from other forms of discourse. Although always anathema to the Marxist critics, Formalism was important in the Soviet Union until 1929, when it was condemned for its lack of political perspective. Later, largely through the work of the structuralist linguist Roman Jakobson, it became influential in the West, notably in Anglo-American New Criticism, which is sometimes called Formalism. Victor Erlich’s Russian Formalism (1955) is a history; Théorie de la littérature (1965) is a translation by Tzvetan Todorov of important Russian texts. Anthologies in English include L.T. Lemon and M.J. Reis, eds., Russian Formalist Criticism (1965), L. Matejka and K. Pomorska, eds., Readings in Russian Poetics (1971), and Stephen Bann and John Bowlt, eds., Russian Formalism (1973). #Formalism #Russian Formalism #literary theory This Channel covers English Literature, English Linguistics, English Grammar, MCQs on all fields of English, PPSC Written Exam preparation, PPSC Interview Preparation, Spoken English and IELTS. So far many candidates have succeeded in their professional and academic lives after being connected with this channel. Jahanzeb Jahan is the author of First ever alliterated poem on the life of Holy Prophet PBUH which is published on AMAZON. has been working as English language teacher in a Public Sector University since 2007 . He followed his passions and proved himself as a successful teacher, trainer and content developer. Drawing from this vast experience and his extensive study of English literature and linguistics, Jahanzeb Jahan aims at making this channel, the most comprehensive Youtube Channel of English Language and Literature. He has a rare ability to give better understanding of all the topics on English language and literature. He has a unique methodology of combining conventional teaching patterns and unconventional research on the topic. Having a strong hold on Greek Mythology and British History, he explains the ideas unlike many Youtube Channels. Jahanzeb Jahan is a writer of three books and the best of his works, "Muhammad (PBUH) the Messenger, The Crown of Creation", is near its publication. This book is completely in alliteration which covers the entire life of Holy Prophet Muhammad PBUH, A unique work in English to praise the Supreme Creation. ===== FOLLOW US ON THE SOCIALS =====   / jjahan   Link to the Book on Amazon https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08JVV9VPQ/...