Electrophoresis (Part 3) | Types of Electrophoresis- Gel & Capillary | Electrophoresis Applications

Download the "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Tests and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... Electrophoresis (Part 02) | Types of Electrophoresis | Paper Electrophoresis and its Application    • Electrophoresis (Part 02) | Types of Elect...   Gel electrophoresis In this, the separation is carried out by using gel as supporting material. The gel is polymerized in the shape of thin slab and it has a well to load the sample. The gel that are most commonly used is composed of agarose, and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE). It can be used for analytical purpose and as a preparative technique for purification of molecules before subjecting it to other analytical techniques like mass spectroscopy The various types of the gel used in gel electrophoresis are a. Agarose gel electrophoresis b. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis c. Starch gel electrophoresis a. Agarose gel electrophoresis: Agarose gel is a polysaccharide obtained from seaweeds. It is a linear polymer composed of repeating units of D and L-galactose. Agarose melts at 90° C and forms a gel at 40°C. The gel formation results in the formation of a mesh of channels with a diameter of 50-200nm. b. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: Polyacrylamide gels are chemically cross linked gels formed by the polymerization of acrylamide with a cross linking agent, usually N. N' methylenebisacrylamide. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensic chemistry, genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology to separate biological macromolecules, usually proteins or nucleic acids according to their electrophoretic mobility. The most commonly used form of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is the Sodium dodecyl sulphate Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). It is used mostly for the separation of proteins. Capillary electrophoresis(CE) In this, narrow bore tubes are employed to separate the samples based on their size to charge ratio. The advantage of capillary electrophoresis is that, it has high separation efficiency, less time consuming, low quantity of sample is required and ease of operation. Gel electrophoresis and Capillary Electrophoresis 1. Gel electrophoresis is a widely used technique in research and development laboratories. 2. It provides information about the molecular weights and charges of macromolecules, their subunit structures, and the purity of a particular preparation. 3. The most common use of gel electrophoresis is the qualitative analysis of complex mixtures of proteins or nucleic acids. 4. Image analysis systems make gel electrophoresis popular for quantitative and preparative purposes. 5. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is widely used for the impurity profiling of drugs that contain stereochemical centers in their structures, analysis of biomolecules, and characterization of biopharmaceuticals. 6. GE and CE can also provide important physicochemical characteristics of the separated proteins. 7. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful separation technique that is widely used in Research and development (R&D), Quality control (QC), and Stability studies of pharmaceuticals. 8. CE has been found particularly useful for the separations of peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, inorganic ions, chiral compounds, and numerous other pharmaceutical applications. 9. The capillary electrophoresis is used to quantify active constituents (i.e., phenolic compounds, coumarins, protoberberines, curcuminoids, iridoid glycosides, alkaloids, triterpene acids) in medicinal plants and herbal formulations. 10. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a useful tool in phytochemical analysis, and it meets the requirements for the quality control of herbal drugs because of its versatility and high separation power. 11. The wide opportunity for selectivity tuning allows the analysis of molecules with a wide range of polarity and molecular weight; in addition like high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the method is suitable for hyphenation with mass spectrometry (MS). Get in touch with the solution by just clicking the following links- Facebook Group-   / solutionpharamcy   Mobile App - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... New Channel (Pharmacy Dictionary)    / @pharmacydictionary   E-Mail for official and other work - [email protected] #solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #Pharmacognosyvideos #GPAT