Organic chemistry and general formula of alkane alkene and alkyne part 1

Organic Chemistry ek bahut hi vast aur interesting branch hai chemistry ki, jo mukhyarop se carbon compounds aur unki properties, structures, compositions, aur reactions se deal karti hai. ​Pehle ke samay mein lagta tha ki organic compounds sirf living organisms (plants aur animals) se hi mil sakte hain, lekin jab 1828 mein Friedrich Wöhler ne lab mein Ammonium Cyanate (inorganic) se Urea (organic) banaya, tab se yeh soch badal gayi. Aaj hum jaante hain ki carbon apni ek khaas property—Catenation (apne hi jaise dusre carbon atoms ke sath lambi chains banane ki ability)—ki wajah se lakhon compounds bana sakta hai. ​Organic chemistry ka ek sabse bada aur basic pillar hai Hydrocarbons, yaani woh compounds jo sirf Carbon (C) aur Hydrogen (H) se milkar bante hain. Hydrocarbons ko hum mukhyarop se Alkanes, Alkenes, aur Alkynes mein divide karte hain. ​Chaliye in teeno ko vistaar (detail) mein samajhte hain: ​1. Alkanes (Saturated Hydrocarbons) ​Alkanes ko Paraffins bhi kaha jata hai (Latin mein parum affinis = little affinity), kyunki yeh normal conditions mein bahut kam reactive hote hain. ​Bond Type: Inmein sabhi Carbon atoms ke beech sirf Single Covalent Bond (C-C) hota hai. Isiliye inhein "Saturated" (santript) hydrocarbons kehte hain, kyunki inmein aur hydrogen add karne ki jagah nahi hoti. ​Hybridization: Alkanes mein carbon atom sp^3 hybridized hota hai, aur iska geometry Tetrahedral hota hai. ​General Formula: