Why is London full of 'ugly' buildings?

Throughout history, different architectural movements have come, gone and re-emerged. But one 20th century movement is perhaps the most contentious of them all. This style of building is simultaneously one of the most loved, and hated of all time. Brutalism, when it first emerged, was a modern and optimistic style largely praised and appreciated by the public. But today, many of these buildings are seen as ugly, and associated with crime and antisocial behaviour. So why do so many of these buildings have such a bad reputation? Is it deserved? Or are these buildings simply misunderstood?.. Watch and license the films shown in this video from IWM Film: https://film.iwmcollections.org.uk/co... Follow IWM on social media: Twitter:   / i_w_m   Instagram:   / imperialwarmuseums   Facebook:   / iwm.london   Articles referenced: https://www.mylondon.news/news/zone-1... https://heritagecalling.com/2022/02/2... https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/2245942... https://www.insidehousing.co.uk/news/... https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/... Attributions: wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Royal_National_Theatre_London_SouthBankCentre02.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:National_Theatre_-_view_of_exterior_stair.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:National_Theatre_-_composite_view_from_W.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wells_Cathedral_West_Front_Exterior,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wells_Cathedral_West_Front_Exterior,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Italian_architecture_Pula_(01).JPG wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ItalianBuildingRodosGreeceDetail.JPG wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lille_immeubles_19_21_place_rihour.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bondues_chateau_de_la_vigne.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Early_American_architecture_-_selected_sketches_and_measured_drawings_showing_colonial_and_Georgian_design_-_DPLA_-_76e5b0834279c21e347b9fd3865ad21b_(page_90).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:57_The_Close,_Salisbury.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building_-_05.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building_2011.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building_NYC-20090519-RM-094845.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building_(1)_01.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chrysler_Building,_Queensboro_Bridge.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_-_Broad_Sanctuary_-_North_Transept_Entrance_of_Westminster_Abbey_-_Retouched_by_Gothic_Revival_architect_Sir_George_Gilbert_Scott_02.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_-_Abingdon_Street_-_View_NE_%26_Up_on_Victoria_Tower_(98.5_m)_1843-60_by_Sir_Charles_Barry_-_Gothic_Revival_architecture.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:London_-_St_Margaret_Street_-_Henry_VII_Lady_Chapel_of_Westminster_Abbey_-_Retouched_by_Gothic_Revival_Architect_Sir_George_Gilbert_Scott.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sant%27Ivo_alla_Sapienza_-Rome.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Olomouc_-_Doln%C3%AD_n%C3%A1m%C4%9Bst%C3%AD_-_View_West_%26_Up_on_Hauenschild%C5%AFv_pal%C3%A1c_-_Renaissance_%26_Baroque_architecture.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Echternach_-_Abbey_of_Echternach_(698_founded_by_St._Willibrord)_1737_-_Baroque_architecture_-_Porte_St._Willibrord_-_Panorama_View_01.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:West_facade_of_Petit_Trianon_002.JPG wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vilnius_Cathedral_Facade.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kenyatta_International_Convention_Centre,_Nairobi,_by_Karl_Henrik_N%C3%B8stvik_architect,_entrance.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kenyatta_International_Convention_Centre,_Nairobi,_by_Karl_Henrik_N%C3%B8stvik_architect,_grand_stairway.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henty_House,_Launceston_(1983).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Housing_brutalist_architecture_Vis_Croatia.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brutalist_architecture,_Ashford,_Kent.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brutalist_car_park_architecture_in_East_Kilbride,_Scotland.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brutalist_architecture_on_the_South_Bank_-_geograph.org.uk_-_3156387.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wien_-_Wotrubakirche_(6).JPG wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Escuela_Manuel_Belgrano_(1971)_2.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Croydon_Brutalism_(39980547825).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Croydon_Brutalism_(27004053218).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Geelong_Brutalism_(48064107192).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etoiles_d%27Ivry_@_Brutalist_housing_project_@_Jean_Renaudie_@_Place_Voltaire_@_Ivry-sur-Seine_(30035600293).jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AlisonPeterSmithson.jpg wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Robin_Hood_Gardens_AP_Smithson.jpg www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/history/heritage/peter-and-alison-smithson Housing Problems (1935) - Courtesy of The Public Domain Archives