Neuroanatomía y fisiología de la memoria

In this episode, we review the brain circuits involved in memory, how the Papez circuit enables the encoding of long-term memory, the types of memory, and the other brain regions necessary for memorizing information. [00:00] Introduction to memory, its clinical definition, and its relationship to neuronal plasticity. [01:10] Connections between memory and the limbic system, attention, sensory systems, and pseudodementia. [02:51] Physiology of the synapse and the role of glutamate in the efficiency of repetitive learning. [04:55] Molecular mechanism of long-term potentiation: AMPA and NMDA receptors and the magnesium plug. [07:07] The role of intracellular calcium in the anatomical restructuring of neurons and dendritic spines. [09:19] Chronicity of pain through the same potentiation mechanism and the long-term depression process. [10:44] Chronological types of memory: Sensory memory, its duration, and its arrival via the thalamus. [12:11] Short-term memory or working memory: Duration, practical examples, and its location in the prefrontal cortex. [13:50] Long-term memory: Consolidation process and its decentralized storage in the sensory cortices. [15:09] Anatomy of the Papez circuit and the true role of the hippocampus in long-term memory. [17:30] Classification of long-term memory: Explicit/declarative memory (episodic and semantic). [18:33] Implicit/non-declarative memory: Procedural memory (automatic motor skills) and associative memory (conditioning). [20:02] Non-associative memory (unconscious habituation process) and final acknowledgments of the video.