Diuréticos, inibidores da ECA, bloqueadores dos receptores AT1 e bloqueadores dos canais cálcio

The most recommended classes of medications for treating hypertension are thiazide diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and beta-blockers (in specific cases). Diuretics inhibit sodium reabsorption at different sites in the nephron, causing natriuresis. In the long term, they decrease peripheral resistance. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II and the degradation of bradykinin, in addition to having anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockers prevent the action of angiotensin II by blocking the AT1 receptor and have anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Calcium channel blockers block slow calcium channels, decreasing calcium influx into vascular smooth muscle cells and reducing peripheral vascular resistance.