MALFORMACIONES UTERINAS: bicorne, septo, arcuato, didelfo, agenesias - Ginecología y Obstetricia -

Congenital uterine malformations are associated with infertility, repeated miscarriages, premature birth, and fetal malposition. Dr. Modesto will discuss the types of malformations and their possible treatment. UTERINE MALFORMATIONS To fully understand uterine malformations, we need to explain some embryology: The Müllerian or paramesonephric ducts give rise to the uterus and fallopian tubes in women. The Müllerian tubercles (the distal portion) give rise to the upper third of the vagina. CLASSIFICATION There are several classifications and ways of classifying uterine malformations. But perhaps the most widely accepted is that of the American Fertility Society (AFS), proposed in 1988. Agenesis: Hypoplasia or agenesis of certain structures: cervix, fundus, fallopian tubes, vagina, or combined. Unicornuate uterus: There may be a remnant of the second horn. Didelphys uterus: A uterus with two uterine bodies and two cervixes. Bicornuate uterus: A uterus with two uterine bodies but sharing a single cervix. Septate uterus: A partition within the uterus that divides it into two. Arcuate uterus: A normal contour, but with a small notch at the bottom. DIAGNOSIS The most commonly used and most cost-effective imaging technique is 3D ultrasound. We usually reserve MRI for more complex cases. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In most cases, these malformations are asymptomatic. However, the appearance of uterine malformations has been linked to infertility, repeated miscarriages, premature birth, and even abnormal fetal presentation. TREATMENT Regarding surgical treatment of congenital uterine abnormalities, no study has been able to demonstrate a real positive impact on fertility or obstetric outcomes. Therefore, surgical treatment should be individualized on a case-by-case basis and for each patient. Related Topics: Heavy menstrual bleeding or hypermenorrhea:    • HIPERMENORREA (sangrado o regla abundante)...   Endometrial polyps:    • PÓLIPOS UTERINOS: Causas, riesgo de cáncer...   Bleeding after menopause:    • SANGRADO POSTMENOPÁUSICO: Causas, evaluaci...   Endometrial hyperplasia:    • HIPERPLASIA ENDOMETRIAL: Qué es, tratamien...   Other topics, PDFs, podcasts, and much more: aulaginecologia.com