[다큐온] 한반도를 넘어 인류의 문화 자산. 백제의 어떤 면이 세계인을 사로잡았을까? "세계유산, 백제 2부 - 화려하나 사치스럽지 않다" (KBS 20211022 방송)

Documentary ON (Saturdays at 11:40 PM on KBS 1TV) “World Heritage Site, Baekje Part 2 - Splendid but Not Extravagant” (Aired October 23, 2021) “Baekje was a key nation that served as a cultural hub encompassing East Asia.” The Baekje Historic Areas were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2015, making Baekje history a cultural asset not only for the Korean Peninsula but also for humanity. What aspects of Baekje captivated the world? We explore the value of Baekje culture and its place in the history of East Asian exchange. ▶ Baekje’s status as a hub for exchange between East Asian nations: The Tomb of King Muryeong Last July, a significant event took place in Gongju: the 50th anniversary of the excavation of the Tomb of King Muryeong. Of the seven tombs in the Songsan-ri Tombs in Gongju, the Tomb of King Muryeong is the only one whose owner is known. In 1971, during the construction of a drainage ditch for Tomb No. 6, it was discovered in a state of undisturbed excavation, shaking the archaeological community. While most Baekje tombs were stone chamber tombs, the Muryeong Royal Tomb was constructed in the brick style. This style, prevalent in the Southern Dynasties of China at the time, was a testament to Baekje's bold adoption of new cultures through exchanges with China and a demonstration of cultural confidence. Over 4,600 artifacts from 108 different species were excavated from Muryeong's tomb, which also reveal the history of Baekje's cultural exchanges. The bronze silver cups bear a striking resemblance to cups unearthed in Nanjing, China, and similarly shaped items have also been unearthed in Japan. Furthermore, Southeast Asian glassware excavated from Muryeong's tomb provides evidence of direct and indirect trade with Funan (Cambodia), a hub of East-West trade. Furthermore, the wood used in the wooden coffins enshrining the king and queen in Muryeong's tomb, the golden pine, is known as a high-quality wood native only to Japan. This demonstrates that the Baekje king continued to send gold pine, the highest official of Japan, to Japan upon his death. ▶ Jeongnimsa Temple Site, the Most Crucial Temple Embracing Baekje's Fate Baekje moved its capital to Sabi in 538 during the reign of King Seong. King Seong established Jeongnimsa Temple in the heart of Buyeo. This temple had a typical Baekje structure of one pagoda and one main hall. The five-story stone pagoda towering in the center of Jeongnimsa Temple Site is a simplified version of the existing wooden pagoda, showcasing a balanced and elegant beauty. The temple layout of one pagoda and one main hall, first implemented at Jeongnimsa Temple Site, was later expanded throughout Baekje, influencing Silla and Japan. ▶ The Sarira Reliquary of the Mireuksa Temple Stone Pagoda: A Discovery That Marked a Turning Point in Baekje History Research In 2009, during the dismantling of the West Pagoda of Mireuksa Temple Site, a remarkable artifact was discovered within the central stone pillar, revealing the secrets of Mireuksa Temple. The stone pillar contained a complete collection of sarira reliquaries, including a sarira container, a vessel that once held the Buddha's sarira, and a gold sarira enshrinement record, which records the founding of Mireuksa Temple. The gold sarira enshrinement record records that the daughter of King Mu's wife, Sataekjeokdeok, established the temple in 639 to house the sarira. This revealed the precise origins of the Mireuksa Temple site, and the artifacts discovered at the time have established a standard for research on Baekje history. ▶ The Essence of Baekje's Palace: The Wanggung-ri Site Around the 7th century, Baekje was engaged in ongoing territorial disputes with Goguryeo and Silla. King Mu began construction of a new royal palace in Iksan. Within the palace walls, which stretched 490 meters north to south and 240 meters east to west, were the main hall, where state affairs were administered, ancillary buildings, gardens, and rear gardens. There were also large toilets for officials and court ladies, and workshops for producing precious metals for the royal family. 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