How a Humanitarian Aid Organization Navigates Political Conflicts

On today’s episode of Justice Matters, co-host Mathias Risse speaks with Dr. Christos Christou, outgoing president of Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières or MSF) a medical humanitarian organization that coordinates tens of thousands of medical staff to provide emergency aid to people in crisis in over 75 countries. Together they discuss: Dr. Christou’s background that led him to humanitarian medical work, his early days working as a physician in Sub-Saharan Africa during the HIV pandemic and with migrant communities, how he thinks about the concept of humanity as a practical commitment, the changing environment of humanitarian aid, the practicalities of the extensive work MSF has done in Gaza, how MSF navigates the political terrain of this conflict as an organization committed to humanitarian aid, and what lessons he’s learned that give him hope. Dr. Christos Christou graduated from Aristotle University’s medical school and has a PhD in surgery from the Kapodistrian University of Athens. After serving as a surgeon at Evangelismos Hospital in Athens, he became a senior clinical fellow at King’s College Hospital in London and was later awarded a fellowship from the European Board of Surgery in Coloproctology. Dr. Christou joined MSF in 2002 and has held several roles. His first assignment was in Greece as a field doctor, working with migrants and refugees. He then worked as a doctor in an HIV/AIDS project in Zambia in 2004 and 2005. He later served in a number of conflict zones and insecure contexts, including South Sudan, Iraq, and, most recently, Cameroon, as an emergency and trauma surgeon. With MSF he has held roles including general secretary, vice-president, and president of MSF Greece's Board of Directors, and finally, as MSF international president from 2019 to 2025. The views expressed in this video are those of the speaker(s) at the time of recording and do not necessarily reflect those of the Carr-Ryan Center for Human Rights or Harvard Kennedy School. These perspectives have been presented to encourage debate on important public policy challenges.