Network Layer Part 1 - شرح

Today we'll begin explaining the Network Layer chapter, one of the most important chapters in computer networking, as it's responsible for connecting data between different networks and delivering it to its correct destination over the internet. In this chapter, we'll learn about the role of the Network Layer in the OSI model and how it handles the process of routing data from one device to another, even if they are located on different networks and in distant locations around the world. We'll discuss a number of very important concepts, including: IP ​​Address and its types. IPv4 and IPv6. Routing and Forwarding. Routers and how they work. Subnetting and network segmentation. NAT and its use in modern networks. ICMP and the messages used in network diagnostics. The mechanism of packet transmission over the internet. After completing this chapter, you'll understand how data travels from your device to any website on the internet and how routers make the appropriate decisions to choose the best path for data to arrive quickly and efficiently. Let's begin the explanation step by step and understand together the secrets of the Network Layer.