Хто НАСПРАВДІ створив атомну бомбу?

How scientific curiosity about the nature of matter gave rise to the most destructive weapon ever created by mankind. This video tells the story of nuclear weapons from the first discoveries of radioactivity in the late 19th century to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. You will learn how the experiments of Becquerel, Curie and Rutherford gradually revealed the internal structure of the atom, how the fantastic ideas of H.G. Wells influenced the political thinking of Winston Churchill, and how the escape of European scientists from the Nazi regime changed the course of world history. This is the story of Leo Szilard, the Frisch and Peierls memorandum, the Manhattan Project and the first nuclear explosion in the New Mexico desert. And at the same time, it is a story of moral dilemmas, coincidences and decisions, the consequences of which humanity still feels today. Thank you to the Ukrainian defenders who defend our land, language and science. Thank you to our patrons, sponsors, and everyone who supports the development of this channel. Your support allows us to create insightful scientific videos and continue to work further. If you want to support Ukrainian-language content with a penny, become a patron on PATREON:   / deep_kosmos_in_ukraine   For those who watch us from abroad, there is PayPal: ababagalamaga958793681 @gmail.com ​ 00:02 — Why nuclear weapons became the decisive factor of the 20th century 00:36 — Fundraising for a charging station for a unit of the Armed Forces of Ukraine 01:13 — From the discovery of radioactivity to understanding the structure of the atom 05:03 — The idea of ​​​​the atomic bomb in science fiction and political forecasts 07:01 — The 1930s: Nazism, the emigration of scientists and the shift of the scientific center 08:07 — Leo Szilard and the formation of the concept of chain reaction 11:01 — Einstein's letter and the beginning of the American nuclear program 15:56 — Trinity, Hiroshima and Nagasaki: Trials and Consequences If anyone is interested in reading Winston Churchill's essay "Shall We Commit Suicide?", here is the page for it in the Internet Archive: https://archive.org/details/W.S.Churc... If anyone wants to look at Leo Szilard's patent: https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publi... If anyone is interested in the original text of the Frisch-Peierls Memorandum: https://web.stanford.edu/class/histor... Images and sources used Chadwick Neutron Discovery — scheme of the neutron discovery experiment. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 4.0 license https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Nuclear Fission Experimental Apparatus (1938) — experimental installation for the discovery of fission. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 2.0 license https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Otto Hahn’s notebook (1938) — notebook of Otto Hahn. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 2.0 license https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi... Brownian motion (animation) — Lookang; simulation by Francisco Esquembre, Fu-Kwun. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Liebigite specimen — uranium mineral. Photo by Robert M. Lavinsky / iRocks.com. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Torbernite, Cuneo, Italy — green uranium mineral. Photo by Aangelo. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Autunite (France) — yellow uranium mineral. Photo by Parent Géry. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Pitchblende schlema-alberoda — uraninite. Photo by Geomartin. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0 License https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Patent GB630726A — Espacenet, European Patent Office, published 30.03.1936 https://worldwide.espacenet.com/paten... William Penney, Otto Frisch, Rudolf Peierls and John Cockcroft — group photo. Wikimedia Commons. Public Domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Rudolf Peierls, Göttingen, 1966 — portrait. Göttingen State and University Library. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 4.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... B reactor face crane — B Reactor, Hanford Site. Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 4.0 license https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... Cillian Murphy at the 2025 Toronto International Film Festival — photo by JoshPopov. Wikimedia Commons. ...