Science behind the spokes - Bicycle wheel

Why are bicycle wheels made using spokes, and why are they laced the way they are? Do disc brakes put more load on the spokes? Good and poor wheel designs. CONTENTS: 00:00:00 Introduction - hub holding the rim 00:03:40 Spokes vs rods 00:06:59 Radial stiffness 00:08:39 Lateral stiffness 00:13:54 Radial lacing downsides 00:19:13 Cross lacing pattern 00:23:04 Trailing and leading spokes 00:26:00 Pre-tensioned structure 00:27:54 Vertical load 00:36:38 Rim brake loads 00:42:52 Disc brake loads 00:51:08 Why paired spokes suck 00:55:27 Very few spoke wheels 01:02:04 Spokes come in 4-s Useful LINKS: If you have any questions, please use the BikeGremlin forum (I try to respond to every comment, but YouTube sucks at notifications, especially when it comes to any follow-up questions): https://www.bikegremlin.net/ Bicycle wheel building basics explained: https://bike.bikegremlin.com/9276/bic... Counter-steering explained: https://bike.bikegremlin.com/2530/cou... Jobst Brandt - The Bicycle Wheel (Amazon affiliate link): https://amzn.to/3fwCEzg BikeGremlin HUB: https://www.bikegremlin.com BikeGremlinTube HUB:    / bikegremlin   GremlinTube - a complete list of videos, sorted by categories: https://www.bikegremlin.com/youtube/ id: 1101