Максим Шевченко: Казахстан, Россия и спор за наследие Золотой Орды

Is the Golden Horde a thing of the past or a project for the future? Kazakhstan is increasingly asserting itself as the heir to the steppe civilization, while Russia is still debating: was the Horde a catastrophe, an alliance, a trauma, or the foundation of a future Moscow? In this episode, following the symposium "The Golden Horde as a Model of Steppe Civilization" in Astana, Maxim Shevchenko discusses why the topic of the Horde has once again become political, civilizational, and even geopolitical. Why, in his view, is Kazakhstan making a serious bid for leadership in understanding the steppe heritage? Why is the Great Steppe not a museum piece, but the language of the future? And why will Russia also have to rethink its relationship with the Horde, Moscow, Europe, and Eurasia? We discuss President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev's speech, the role of the Kazakh language, the legacy of the Ulus of Jochi and Lev Gumilyov, the dispute with Karamzin, the origins of Moscow as the center of Russian statehood, and a pressing question: without the Golden Horde, would Russia be as we know it? The second part of the conversation focuses on contemporary geopolitics: Ukraine, Europe, Russia, China, the United States, Iran, and the new world order. Shevchenko draws an unexpected parallel between the current situation and the Crimean War of the 19th century: Russia is once again facing not a single adversary, but a broad coalition, a technological challenge, and an attempt to impose a new place on it in the world. #rahimoshakbayev #oshakbaevrahim #oshakbayevlive #kazakhstan