Watson and Crick model of DNA

The Watson and Crick model of DNA is the most widely accepted model describing the structure of DNA. It was proposed in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick. 🧬 Structure of DNA (Double Helix) DNA has a double helix shape, like a twisted ladder. It consists of two long strands that coil around each other. Each strand is made of nucleotides. 🧪 Components of DNA Each nucleotide contains: Sugar (deoxyribose) Phosphate group Nitrogenous base Four types of bases: Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Guanine (G) Cytosine (C) 🔗 Base Pairing Rule A pairs with T (2 hydrogen bonds) G pairs with C (3 hydrogen bonds) This is called complementary base pairing. 🔄 Key Features of the Model The two strands run in opposite directions (antiparallel). The sugar-phosphate backbone forms the outer sides. The bases face inward like steps of a ladder. The structure allows DNA to replicate accurately. 🧠 Importance Explains how genetic information is stored. Shows how DNA can copy itself during cell division. Foundation for modern genetics and biotechnology. If you want, I can give you a short exam-ready answer or a labeled diagram you can draw easily.