Lovis Corinth I 洛維斯·科林斯 (1858-1925) Impressionism Expressionism German

[email protected] Lovis Corinth, (born July 21, 1858, Tapiau, East Prussia [now Gvardeysk, Russia]—died July 12, 1925, Zandvoort, Netherlands), German painter known for his dramatic figurative and landscape paintings. Corinth underwent a lengthy period of academic artistic training that began in 1876, when he enrolled at the Academy of Königsberg. He studied in Munich from 1880 to 1884, where he was schooled in a Realist approach that emphasized close observation of the human figure. During a three-month stay in Antwerp in 1884, he was influenced by the vitality in the painting of Peter Paul Rubens. Later that year, Corinth moved to Paris and became a student at the Académie Julian, where he honed his draftsmanship under the tutelage of William-Adolphe Bouguereau. Corinth was in Paris when the influential Impressionist artists worked and exhibited there, but he claimed to have been entirely unaware of their work. Disappointed by his lack of acceptance within the Parisian art world, Corinth returned to Germany in 1887. Soon after, he became involved in the Secession movement, an artists’ association formed by the painter Max Liebermann as a protest against the academic schools in Berlin and Munich. After settling in Berlin in 1901, Corinth’s mature work frequently involved dramatic treatments of religious, mythological, and historical subjects, rendered with loose brush work and strong colours that have often been described as Expressionist. Despite such seeming similarities, Corinth opposed the rise of Expressionism by excluding its artists from Secession exhibitions. He later grew to accept Expressionism’s merits, however, and embraced its intensely emotional approach in his own work. In 1911 Corinth suffered a stroke which left him partially paralyzed. Subsequently, his brushwork became more vigorous, and the work done after 1911 is often considered his best. Though best known for his landscapes of the Walchensee area of Bavaria and for his portraits, Corinth also painted religious scenes, often violent ones such as the Golgotha altarpiece (1909–11). He also made etchings and lithographs, such as Apocalypse (1921), that, more so than his paintings, reveal his capacity for Expressionist power. 洛維斯·科林斯，（生於1858年7月21日，Tapiau，東普魯士[現在近衛軍城，俄羅斯] -died 1925年7月12日，贊德沃特，荷蘭），為他戲劇性的比喻和風景畫著名德國畫家。 科林斯進行的學術藝術培訓一個漫長的時期，開始於1876年，當時他在柯尼斯堡學院就讀。他曾在慕尼黑1880年至1884年，在那裡他在強調人物的近距離觀察一個現實主義的方法教育。在為期三個月的留在安特衛普在1884年，他在魯本斯的油畫活力的影響。那年晚些時候，科林斯移居巴黎，並成為在Académie朱利安，在那裡他磨練威廉·阿道夫·布格羅師從他的技法的學生。科林斯在巴黎當有影響力的印象派畫家的工作並表現出在那裡，但他聲稱自己已經完全不知道自己的工作。 他缺少巴黎的藝術世界中接受失望，科林斯在1887年回到德國後不久，他參與的分裂運動，由畫家最大利伯曼在柏林形成為抗議學術流派的藝術家協會和慕尼黑。 於1901年在柏林定居後，科林斯的成熟的作品經常涉及宗教，神話和歷史題材的戲劇化處理，搭配寬鬆刷工作和經常被描述為表現主義強烈的色彩渲染。儘管有這些看似相似，科林斯從分裂國家展覽排除旗下藝人反對表現主義的崛起。後來，他從小接受表現的優點，但是，擁抱它強烈地情感的方式在自己的作品。 1911年，科林斯遭受了留給他部分癱瘓中風。隨後，他的筆觸變得更加旺盛，並且1911年以後完成的工作往往被認為是他最好的。 雖然他的巴伐利亞Walchensee區域的景觀和他的肖像而聞名，科林斯也畫宗教場面，往往是暴力的，如在各各祭壇（1909至11年）。他還提出了銅版畫和石版畫，如啟示錄（1921年），這比他的畫更是這樣，透露他對表現主義的發電能力。