빅토르 위고가 인정한, 빚에 쫓기며 하루 50잔의 커피로 인간희극을 쓴 발자크 #고리오영감 #오디오북 #인문학 #인물다큐 #스토리텔링 #세계문학

Historical Verification and Literary Information on the Life of Honoré de Balzac Part 1: The Family That Refined Its Surname and the Deprivation Amidst Favoritism (1799–1814) Historical Verification Content: Born in Tours, France. Verification of the ambition of his father, Bernard, who refined the rustic surname 'Balssa' of a southern peasant family into the Parisian-style 'Balzac.' Proving that the act of impersonating an aristocrat by attaching the nobility's mark 'de' to the surname without permission was actually the vanity of his own son, Balzac, who had become a writer. Verification of the reality of the emotional coldness shown by his mother, Anne Charlotte, who was 32 years his junior, favoring only her youngest son, Henri, born from an affair with the local landowner Margonne, while neglecting her eldest son, Balzac, born from an unwanted marriage, to a country nanny for four years and treating him solely as a lifelong source of money (an investment product). Historical Verification Basis and Sources: Tours Municipal Administration Archives, France; Official Family Register of the Balzac family; Documents on legal inheritance held by the Maison de Balzac. Part 2: Freedom in the Solitary Cave and Nervous Breakdown in the Seven-Year Boarding School (1807–1814) Historical Details: The sorrowful emotional neglect experienced after enrolling at the Vendôme Oratorian School, located 100 km from home, at the age of eight, where he was abandoned by his parents even during vacations and left alone in an empty boarding school. The reality of his deformed obsession with reading, in which he deliberately violated rules and brought punishment upon himself by using the harsh, damp solitary confinement (Cul-de-basse-fosse) as the "only sanctuary of freedom" to read books all night away from the priests. The historical portrayal of the scars of childhood: at the age of 14, as a consequence of his excessive reading of classics, he fell into a state of severe mental breakdown and exhaustion, forcing him to discontinue his studies and be permanently sent back home. References Basis and Sources: The official memoir My Brother Balzac by his younger sister Laure de Surville, and historical records from the student disciplinary department of the Collège de Vendôme. Part 3: The Raw Greed of the Law Firm and the Writer's Exam in the Attic (1814–1819) Historical Content: A realistic historical account based on observations of human nature, derived from working as a low-level clerk at the office of Guionnet de Merville at the behest of his father after moving to Paris, where he transcribed legal documents daily depicting the raw greed of human beings—such as inheritance disputes, fraud, and debt collection. The arrogance of rejecting the path to a major law firm, declaring, "I will either become a great writer or nothing." A historical verification of the harsh "two-year trial period for writers" that his mother deliberately forced him into by locking him away in a freezing, squalid attic at 9 Lesdiguières in Paris to induce his failure, providing him with only the bare minimum of living expenses to keep him from starving. Basis and Sources: Employment Register of Clerks at the Paris Legal Representative Office of Merville (1816), and a collection of handwritten letters sent by Balzac to his sister Laure during his time in the Lesdiguières attic. Part 4: The Note Beneath the Statue of Napoleon and the Writing Stamina of the Pseudonym Gonzo (1819–1825) Historical Content: The humiliation of the grand reading of his first play, Cromwell*, ending in disaster, and receiving harsh criticism from a literature professor at the Sorbonne University who told him, "Never do literature." Undeterred by this, he churned out lucrative Gothic and popular romance novels at a rate of one every few weeks under pseudonyms such as *Horace de Saint-Aubin and Lord Alhoun*, during a dark period in which he fully honed, with his whole being, the formidable writing stamina and plot construction methods that would later propel *The Human Comedy forward on his own initiative. A testament to the tragic determination with which he convinced himself of becoming the monarch of a literary empire, leaving an arrogant note attached to the base of the statue of Napoleon he admired on his desk stating, "What he could not finish with the sword, I will complete with the pen." Basis and Sources: Original text of the evaluation letter by Professor Andrieux of the Sorbonne University, anagram analysis of books published under pseudonyms, and primary source: Balzac's handwritten memo on Napoleon. Part 5: The Swamp of Printing House Bankruptcy and the Maternal Love of a Woman Twenty-Two Years His Senior (1825–1828) Historical Details: An incident in which he went bankrupt in his mid-twenties, burdened with a formidable debt of a staggering 60,000 francs (equivalent to decades of an ordinary worker's wages), after serially acquiring a small-form...