Instagram News Feed System Design Explained | Facebook, Instagram & LinkedIn Feed Architecture

Ever wondered how Instagram, Facebook, or LinkedIn decide which post appears first in your feed? Behind every scroll lies one of the most sophisticated distributed systems ever built. In this video, we design a production-scale News Feed System capable of serving hundreds of millions of users while maintaining low latency, personalized ranking, and real-time updates. We'll explore how modern social media platforms use Redis, Kafka, Cassandra, ML Ranking, Fan-out architectures, sharded counters, caching strategies, and distributed systems to deliver personalized feeds in milliseconds. Whether you're preparing for: System Design Interviews Senior Software Engineer Interviews Staff Engineer Interviews Principal Engineer Interviews Backend Engineering Distributed Systems this tutorial covers the architecture and trade-offs used by real-world social platforms. 📚 What You'll Learn ✅ Functional & Non-Functional Requirements ✅ Capacity Estimation ✅ High-Level Architecture ✅ Push vs Pull vs Hybrid Fan-out ✅ Feed Generation Pipeline ✅ ML Ranking Pipeline ✅ Redis Feed Cache ✅ Cassandra Social Graph ✅ Kafka Event Streaming ✅ Sharded Counters ✅ Real-Time Feed Updates (SSE vs WebSockets) ✅ Observability & Monitoring ✅ Production Improvements ✅ Principal Engineer Questions 00:00 Introduction 01:40 Functional Requirements 02:32 Non-Functional Requirements 03:10 Capacity Estimation 04:12 API & Data Model 05:36 High-Level Design 06:48 Push vs Pull vs Hybrid Fan-out 09:40 Feed Generation Pipeline 11:25 ML Ranking 13:22 Social Graph & Sharded Counters 15:06 Real-Time Feed Updates 16:05 Observability & Monitoring 17:02 Production Improvements 17:55 Data Lineage 18:26 Technology Comparison 19:00 Principal Engineer Questions 19:35 Final Summary 👨‍💻 Technologies Covered System Design Instagram Architecture Facebook Architecture LinkedIn Architecture News Feed Design Distributed Systems Microservices Redis Kafka Cassandra ML Ranking Feed Ranking Fan-out Push Model Pull Model Hybrid Fan-out Server Sent Events (SSE) WebSockets Cache Design Scalability Backend Engineering If you're preparing for Software Engineering, Staff Engineer, Principal Engineer, or System Design Interviews, subscribe to YodhaMonk for production-grade system design tutorials. 👍 Like • 💬 Comment • 🔔 Subscribe #systemdesign #instagram #facebook #linkedin #newsfeed #distributedsystems #softwarearchitecture #backend #microservices #redis #kafka #cassandra #ml #ranking #scalability #engineering #staffengineer #principalengineer #softwareengineer #interviewpreparation #yodhamonk