How do we perceive human speech?

Human speech is a noisy, chaotic mess! How do we untangle that ocean of sound into something intelligible? How do we perceive human speech? Obviously this is a huge question, but in this video we'll scratch the surface of some of the processes involved in perceiving and comprehending speech. 0:00 – Intro 1:52 – Speech as sound 3:48 – Phones vs phonemes 6:41 – Categorical perception 11:11 – Mapping sounds to mental representations 16:11 – Coarticulation 22:48 – Lexical bias effect 25:12 – Phoneme restoration effect 27:30 – McGurk effect 33:25 – Key concepts Sources: Harnad (2003). Categorical perception. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/257719/1/... Kuhl & Miller (1978). Speech perception by the chinchilla: Identification functions for synthetic VOT stimuli. https://asa.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.... McClelland & Elman (1986). The TRACE model of speech perception. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science... Hardcastle & Hewlett (1999). Coarticulation: Theory, data and techniques. https://books.google.com/books?id=UBr... Ganong (1980). Phonetic categorization in auditory word perception. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1981-0... Samuel (1981). Phonemic restoration: insights from a new methodology. https://psycnet.apa.org/journals/xge/... McGurk & MacDonald (1976). Hearing lips and seeing voices. https://www.nature.com/articles/264746a0 Colin, Radeau, Soquet, Demolin, Colin & Deltenre (2002). Mismatch negativity evoked by the McGurk–MacDonald effect: A phonetic representation within short-term memory. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science... BBC McGurk Effect Video:    • Try this bizarre audio illusion! 👁️👂😮 - BBC