Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons Olefination. Arbuzov Reaction Mechanism, Experimental Procedure, and Set Up.

I set up a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction. This reaction allows the stereoselective olefination of aldehydes or ketones using stabilized phosphonate carbanions. Phosphonate carbanions are more nucleophilic than the corresponding phosphorus ylides, allowing them to react with a wide range of aldehydes and ketones under milder conditions. Hindered ketones that are typically nonreactive in Wittig reactions can react in Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefinations. The reaction favors the formation of (E)-alkenes. When electron-withdrawing phosphonates are employed, the elimination of the oxaphosphetane intermediates accelerates, boosting the production of (Z)-alkenes. This is known as the Still–Gennari modification. In addition to the type of phosphonate used, the selectivity of the reaction can also be influenced by other factors such as the choice of base and solvent. For more details, check out The Chemists’ Cookbook. The Chemists' Cookbook: https://nrochemistry.com/the-chemists... This video was recorded at Selvita Laboratories. We thank Selvita for providing the facilities and support for this project. Disclaimer: All chemical reactions demonstrated in this video are performed by trained professionals in a controlled laboratory environment. Do not attempt to replicate these experiments without appropriate training and supervision. Always use personal protective equipment (PPE) including lab coats, safety goggles, and gloves when handling chemicals. Be aware of the specific hazards associated with each chemical used, such as toxicity, flammability, and reactivity. For detailed information on each chemical refer to Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheets (SDS). The creators of this video are not responsible for any harm or injury resulting from the misuse of the information provided. This video is for educational purposes only.