Ele salvou o Rio de três epidemias e virou o homem mais odiado do Brasil

In November 1904, Rio de Janeiro experienced overturned and burned streetcars, barricades, street shootings, and dozens of deaths. It wasn't a revolt against taxes or the price of bread: it was against a vaccine. And the name the crowd shouted with hatred was that of a doctor in his thirties who had just curbed the city of three simultaneous epidemics. Rio at that time was the capital of the country and Brazil's main port, internationally known as one of the most unsanitary places in the world: ships docking there ran a real risk of losing their crew. Yellow fever, smallpox, and bubonic plague dominated the city. This video explains how Oswaldo Cruz managed to be, simultaneously, the greatest public health expert in Brazilian history and the most hated person in the country, why the population had concrete reasons to revolt even though they were wrong about the vaccine, and why the mistake he made in 1904 continues to be studied wherever someone needs to convince a population to accept a medicine. The lesson has spanned the century: trust is infrastructure, and when those with technical authority don't explain, the explanation comes from elsewhere. If you enjoy learning the real-life stories behind the names that became street signs and institute names, subscribe to Retrato and activate the notification bell. == SOURCES AND CREDITS == SOURCES AND CREDITS Soundtrack: "Ossuary 5 - Rest", by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) License: Creative Commons BY, creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Images: Wikimedia Commons (public domain and Creative Commons). The photographs of Oswaldo Cruz, of early 20th-century Rio de Janeiro, of the cartoons and records of the Vaccine Revolt, of the Manguinhos Institute, and of the Madeira-Mamoré Railway come from Wikimedia Commons categories. Photographs and cartoons from 1904 are in the public domain. Narration: synthetic voice (voice cloning), declared to YouTube as altered or synthetic content. SOURCES FOR THE SCRIPT Vaccine Revolt: the law of mandatory vaccination, the clashes of November 1904 in Rio de Janeiro, the overturned and burned streetcars, and the toll of dead and imprisoned: https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolta... Oswaldo Cruz: his education, his time at the Pasteur Institute, his appointment as Director General of Public Health, the campaigns against yellow fever, bubonic plague, and smallpox, and the expedition to the Madeira-Mamoré Railway: https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oswaldo... Oswaldo Cruz Institute and the Moorish castle of Manguinhos, institutional history: https://portal.fiocruz.br Documentary and photographic collection from the First Republic period: https://www.arquivonacional.gov.br If you own any material used here and want it removed, please write Please send it to [email protected] and I will remove it.