ONR i radykalizacja Polski lat 30. Jaką Polskę chcieli stworzyć narodowcy? | Polityka o historii

👉 Learn more about history on the Polityka.pl website: https://www.polityka.pl/podkasty/poli... Why did some of the younger generation in 1930s Poland become fascinated by nationalism, violence, and the vision of an ethnically homogeneous state? In this episode of the "Polityka o historii" videocast, we explain the radicalization of politics in the Second Polish Republic and why Polish universities became one of the main birthplaces of modern radicalism. Our guest is Dr. Izabela Mrzygłód, winner of the Marian Turski History Prize for her book "Universities in the Shadow of Crisis. The Nationalist Radicalization of Students in Warsaw and Vienna in the Interwar Period." The starting point for our conversation is the beating of historian Marceli Handelsman by students associated with the nationalist movement at the University of Warsaw in 1934. This demonstrated the extent to which violence had entered academic life. We discuss what the National Radical Camp was and how it operated, and why the Polish ONR and the Camp of Greater Poland gained influence among students and young intelligentsia. We analyze the effects of the Polish-Bolshevik War, discuss the crisis of democracy, the May Coup, and the disillusionment of young Poles. For many young people, independent Poland proved to be a weak, divided state that failed to meet their expectations. The conversation also covers anti-Semitism, political violence, and dreams of a new national order. Why did the state tolerate riots at universities? Who were the young activists associated with the national and peasant movements, and why were right-wing parties developing at the time? And why did radicalism so strongly attract young people from intelligentsia and well-off families? This is a story about how the crisis of democracy and a sense of disillusionment with politics can gradually shift society towards radical ideologies and violence. ENEA is the Main Partner of the POLITYKA Marian Turski History Prizes. ✅ 3 things you'll learn from this episode: 1. Why Polish students radicalized in the 1930s 2. How the National Radical Camp (ONR) and the National Movement gained influence at universities 3. Why political violence became a part of life in the Second Polish Republic. 🎯 Timeline: 00:00 - Highlights 02:41 - Beating of a dean at the University of Warsaw: a prelude to the violence of the 1930s 07:30 - The beginnings of radicalization in Poland and abroad 14:05 - Jews: second-class people? 20:10 - Strengthening the ONR: where did it come from? 27:30 - Increasing violence at universities: what did it involve year after year? 34:35 - Why didn't the state intervene during the riots? 42:11 - University authorities capitulate. 👉 Sign up for Polityka's weekly history newsletter: https://www.polityka.pl/newslettery/