How to prove the formula of a curvature of a function (without using vector calculus)

Big thanks to ‪@ianfowler9340‬ for this wonderful way to come up with the formula for the curvature of y=f(x), which doesn't require vector calculus. Check out the vector calculus way for the curvature of r(t)=x(t)i+:y(t)j    • Proving the curvature formula for a parame...   What is curvature?    • What is curvature? (introduction & definit...   ----------------------------- Support this channel and get my calculus notes on Patreon: 👉   / blackpenredpen   Get the coolest math shirts from my Amazon store 👉 https://amzn.to/3qBeuw6 ----------------------------- #calculus #bprpcalculus #apcalculus #tutorial #math