Topics 9.1 - 9.7

Link to the AP Chemistry Course and Exam Description (CED): https://bit.ly/4eXJICn Link to my AP Chemistry packet on Topics 9.1 – 9.7: https://bit.ly/4tQW5q9 0:00 Intro 1:00 Topic 9.1 Introduction to Entropy 2:16 Examples of changes in entropy that have a positive ΔS and a negative ΔS 3:57 Maxwell Boltzmann distribution is affected when temperature is increased 4:23 Question 1 10:19 Question 2 11:20 Question 3 13:08 Topic 9.2 Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change 13:51 Review of information from Topic 6.8 (Enthalpy of Formation) 14:30 Selected Equations from Unit 9 on the AP Chemistry Equation Sheet 16:30 Guidelines for using the equation for ΔS involving standard molar entropies 17:43 Question 4 19:22 Question 5 21:11 Topic 9.3 Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability 26:32 Definition of free energy and significance of a negative ΔG and a positive ΔG 27:38 Question 6 29:28 Question 7 30:58 Question 8 33:30 Question 9 34:24 Driving Forces that support the thermodynamic favorability of a process 36:33 Question 10 39:17 Question 11 41:17 Exploring the table with four different situations 42:14 Positive ΔH and Negative ΔS (not favored at any T) 42:59 Negative ΔH and Positive ΔS (favored at all T) 43:37 Positive ΔH and Positive ΔS (favored at high T) 44:29 Negative ΔH and Negative ΔS (favored at low T) 45:18 Question 12 49:17 Watch out for the difference in units between ΔH and ΔS in the Gibbs free energy equation 52:15 Question 13 57:13 Question 14 1:02:13 Question 15 1:06:26 Topic 9.4 Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control 1:07:33 Question 16 1:10:02 Question 17 1:13:17 Question 18 1:15:50 Topic 9.5 Free Energy and Equilibrium 1:19:40 Guidelines for doing calculations involving ΔG° = −RTlnK 1:25:15 Question 19 1:32:50 Topic 9.6 Free Energy of Dissolution 1:34:25 The details of ΔH and ΔS 1:37:52 A particulate representation of three different steps during the dissolution of an ionic solute in a polar solvent 1:39:59 Question 20 1:41:16 Topic 9.7 Coupled Reactions 1:44:00 Question 21 1:44:51 Question 22 1:47:22 Question 23