The Rise and Fall of America's Wickedest Arctic Boomtown: Nome, Alaska

In 1900, the largest city in Alaska had no harbor, no roads, and no foundation — just twenty thousand people digging gold out of beach sand with their bare hands. Nome rose from nothing on the Bering Sea coast in less than two years: a plank-street boomtown of sixty saloons, electric lights, and a federal courthouse, accessible only by steamship through open surf. Wyatt Earp ran the fanciest bar on Front Street. A political boss from North Dakota hijacked the courts to steal the richest mining claims. The Three Lucky Swedes who started it all built a company worth twenty million dollars. And then the storms came, the gold thinned out, and a fire in 1934 burned nearly every building to the ground. This is the story of America's last great gold rush city — how it was built, who got rich, who got swindled, and what the Bering Sea left behind. Sources Terrence Cole, Nome: City of the Golden Beaches (Alaska Geographic Society, 1984) "The Great Nome Gold Rush," Smithsonian National Postal Museum exhibition archive "Big Alex McKenzie and the Last Great Fraud of the Gilded Age," History News Network, June 2020 "Station Nome," National Coast Guard Museum historical article, 2024 Lomen Brothers Photograph Collection finding aid, University of Washington Libraries Special Collections "CATASTROPHE: Nome No More," TIME magazine, October 1, 1934