Почему пчёлы душат новую матку за одну ночь?

The new queen is placed in a cage with candy. The colony has been pre-screened, the season is approaching, and the beekeeper is confident he's done everything correctly. But the next morning, the queen lies motionless on the frame, surrounded by a dense cluster of worker bees. Why does the colony kill the queen who was supposed to save the hive? In this video, we'll examine the three main biological reasons why bees refuse to accept a newly introduced queen. The problem isn't always related to the quality of the queen or an error in cage placement. Much more important is the chemical, social, and reproductive state of the colony at the time of introduction. Bees recognize their queen primarily by pheromones. Her chemical signal spreads throughout the colony daily through contact with her retinue and thousands of worker bees. A foreign queen has a different scent profile, so to the colony, she may appear not as a lifesaver, but as a dangerous foreign organism. The cage is necessary for gradual acclimation to the new scent. However, releasing the queen too early can end tragically. The bees surround her in a tight ball, squeezing, overheating, suffocating, or stinging her. The second reason is missed queen cells. Even one small queen cell, hidden in the lower part of a frame or between sections of comb, can completely change the colony's behavior. If the bees have already begun raising their own queen, the introduced queen becomes a competitor that must be eliminated. The third reason is a drone-laying colony. Several eggs in a single cell, humped drone brood, and a chaotic comb pattern may indicate the presence of laying worker bees. In such a colony, the normal social balance is disrupted, so the likelihood of accepting the queen is greatly reduced. You will learn the best time to introduce the queen, how to distinguish calm acceptance from hidden aggression, and why it is sometimes safer to leave the queen in the cage for a few more days.