Second Law of Thermodynamics - Lecture 20 (University Physics I)

Full Playlist:    • University Physics I (2025)   Chapter 20: The Second Law of Thermodynamics 20.1: Directions of Thermodynamic Processes 20.2: Heat Engines 20.3: Internal-Combustion Engine 20.4: Refrigerators 20.5: The Second Law of Thermodynamics 20.6: The Carnot Cycle 20.7: Entropy 20.8: Microscopic Interpretation of Entropy Chapters 0:00 What entropy is 5:00 First law recap 13:00 Reversible processes 19:30 Heat engines and efficiency 22:30 Refrigerators and heat pumps 27:30 The Otto cycle 36:30 Otto cycle efficiency 46:00 Stating the second law 47:30 The Carnot cycle 55:30 Why efficiency isn't one 1:03:30 Carnot is the best engine 1:06:30 Engine power and fuel burned 1:14:30 Carnot efficiency example 1:20:30 Defining entropy 1:25:30 Melting and heating water 1:30:30 Adiabatic and free expansion 1:43:00 Mixing hot and cold water 1:54:30 Microstates and macrostates 1:57:30 Coin-flip entropy 2:07:00 Odds air fills half the room 2:13:30 Entropy in information theory