МАРК ТВЕН: Как весёлый писатель стал мрачным МИЗАНТРОПОМ и завел тайный клуб из ДЕВОЧЕК-подростков!

This biography of Mark Twain is a shocking story of how America's most cheerful writer became a gloomy misanthrope in his old age and started a secret club of teenage girls. We know him as the author of Tom Sawyer, but toward the end of his life, he lost his wife and three of his four children, and his humor was replaced by a hatred of humanity. He sought solace in the company of little girls, whom he called "angel fish." He wrote them hundreds of letters, invited them to visit, and founded the "Aquarium Fish Club." Was this the innocent friendship of a lonely old man, or something more disturbing, something that would cause a huge scandal today? 00:00:00 – Stormfield Pool Hall, House, and Guests 00:01:01 – Mark Twain at the Pool Table 00:03:05 – Working on "Earth Letters" 00:04:51 – Letter from Dorthy Sturges 00:05:57 – Founding of the "Aquarium Club" 00:08:23 – Reflections on Life 00:09:38 – Biography of Mark Twain 00:12:03 – Financial Struggles and Lecture Tours 00:14:05 – Final Years and Death 00:16:32 – Birth of Samuel Clemens 00:17:32 – Death of the Clemens Children 00:19:22 – Halley's Comet 00:20:07 – Moving to Hannibal 00:23:10 – Mark Twain House and Museum 00:26:26 – Death of Father 00:28:08 – Early Career 00:30:36 – Pilot Career 00:36:22 – Life in Nevada and Literary Career 00:38:56 – Success and First Publication 00:42:29 – Meeting and Marriage with Olivia 00:45:09 – Life After Marriage 00:48:31 – Moving to Hartford 00:50:22 – Creative Activity 00:53:57 – Financial Difficulties 01:00:00 – Life After the Death of Daughter Susie 01:01:22 – Death of Olivia 01:15:55 – The Last Days of Samuel Clemens 01:18:43 – Autobiography and Museum 01:21:28 – The Angel Fish Club and Heritage Sources used in the creation of the video: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Марк_Твен Russian Wikipedia. Full chronology with academic bibliography: birth November 30, 1835, in the Florida village (Halley's Comet); brother Pleasant (died 1829); move to Hannibal at age 4; friendship with oil magnate Henry Rogers; origin of pseudonym (two versions: river navigation and a story by Artemus Ward); death April 21, 1910, from angina pectoris. https://ria.ru/20101130/300372481.html RIA Novosti — biographical note for the 175th anniversary. Detailed chronology: typesetter's apprentice at the Missouri Courier in 1848, transfer to Brother Orion's Western Union, essay "Dandy Frightens Squatter" in Carpet Bag in 1852, brother's personal secretary in Nevada in 1861, goldfields in 1862, Territorial Enterprise, Hawaii correspondent in 1866. https://history.wikireading.ru/351300 Wikireading is a biographical essay from the "Famous Writers" series. Family origins: great-great-grandfather Geoffrey Clemens as a member of the court that sentenced Charles I, mother's ancestors dating back to William the Conqueror, hard labor with brother Orion, years of homelessness, Olivia Langdon's role as editor "for more than a third of a century," The Innocents Abroad, 1869. https://prousa.info/mark_twain ProUSA Encyclopedia. Financial details: pilotage on the Mississippi, silver in Nevada and gold in California, over $300,000 for a Page typesetting machine, bankruptcy in 1893, repayment of all debts to creditors, the Clemens house in Hannibal as a landmark. https://tass.ru/kultura/25764111 TASS — "Laughter, Bankruptcy, and Vanity" for the 190th Anniversary. Investments during the Industrial Revolution, the brink of bankruptcy by age 60, a world lecture tour in 1895 (India, New Zealand, Australia), the novel "Along the Equator," the famous response to "greatly exaggerated" rumors of death (cousin James Ross Clemens), articles in the New York Herald and New York Journal in 1897.