Qué es el cáncer de vejiga

If you'd like to see more scientifically accurate 3D medical images, subscribe to our channel:    / nucleushealthvideose   MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: You or a loved one may have been diagnosed with bladder cancer. This video will help you learn more about bladder cancer and how it affects your body. Your bladder is a hollow, muscular organ that stores urine produced by your kidneys. From the kidneys, urine travels through tubes called ureters to the bladder. From the bladder, urine leaves your body through another tube called the urethra. The tissue lining the inside of the bladder is called urothelium or transitional epithelium. The most common type of bladder cancer, called urothelial carcinoma or transitional cell carcinoma, begins in this layer. Here, normal cells transform into abnormal cells called cancer cells. Over time, these cells can grow out of control and form a cluster of cells called a tumor. There are two types of urothelial, or transitional cell, carcinomas, depending on how they grow. A papillary carcinoma grows toward the hollow center of the bladder. A flat carcinoma does not grow toward the center. Flat tumors are much less common, but they are more likely to spread deeper into the bladder wall. Bladder cancer can cause the following symptoms: blood in the urine, a feeling of urgency, frequent urination, pain when urinating, straining to urinate, and lower back pain. It is important to know that other health problems can also cause these symptoms. Cancer staging is the process by which your doctor determines if and, if so, how far your cancer has spread. Stage 0 refers to a papillary carcinoma, or a flat carcinoma, in situ, which is present only on the surface of the inner lining of your bladder; this means it has not spread into the bladder wall. In stage 1, the tumor has grown deeper into the lining, but not into the muscle layer. In stage 2, the tumor has invaded the muscle layer. In stage 3, the tumor has penetrated the muscle layer of the bladder wall and may have spread to nearby organs and lymph nodes. Finally, in stage 4, the tumor has spread to any of the following: the wall of the pelvis or abdomen, or at least one set of distant lymph nodes, or a distant organ such as the liver or lungs. A number of risk factors can increase your risk of bladder cancer. The most important risk factor is smoking. Other risk factors include: a personal or family history of bladder cancer, exposure to certain chemicals in the workplace, previous cancer treatments such as radiation or cancer drugs, and drinking water that contains high levels of arsenic. When facing a bladder cancer diagnosis, continue to talk with your doctor and your cancer care team. ANH18216es