19. To Appomattox and Beyond: The End of the War and a Search for Meanings

The Civil War and Reconstruction (HIST 119) Professor Blight uses Herman Melville's poem "On the Slain Collegians" to introduce the horrifying slaughter of 1864. The architect of the strategy that would eventually lead to Union victory, but at a staggering human cost, was Ulysses S. Grant, brought East to assume control of all Union armies in 1864. Professor Blight narrates the campaigns of 1864, including the Battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor, and the siege of Petersburg. While Robert E. Lee battled Grant to a stalemate in Virginia, however, William Tecumseh Sherman's Union forces took Atlanta before beginning their March to the Sea, destroying Confederate morale and fighting power from the inside. Professor Blight closes his lecture with a description of the first Memorial Day, celebrated by African Americans in Charleston, SC 1865. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction: Melville's "On the Slain Collegians" 05:21 - Chapter 2. Grant's Strategic Changes from the West to the East 13:26 - Chapter 3. The Psyche of Robert E. Lee 19:17 - Chapter 4. Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Crater: Grant and Lee in 1864 33:21 - Chapter 5. Sherman's March to the Sea 42:23 - Chapter 6. The Beginning of Memorial Day and Conclusion Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses This course was recorded in Spring 2008.