Passive sampling devices for environmental monitoring: Tips for a successful study

The use of passive sampling devices for environmental monitoring has gained considerable acceptance over the last decade. However, there is often a lack of understanding about the proper use and interpretation of the data obtained from these samplers which can result in a failure to accomplish project goals. The success of any environmental monitoring study begins in the office or laboratory with the general steps of the formulation of a sampling plan, training of personnel, performing the field work, processing of the collected samples, analysis, and interpretation of the data. This talk will provide an overview of passive sampling techniques for measuring contaminants; discuss potential linkages between chemical occurrence and biological effects, challenges and tips for using passive samplers in the field; analytical considerations; data considerations; and examples of how passive sampling has been used in support of large monitoring efforts and in regulatory applications.