Dry GCP Operation | Blast furnace operation | Tech It Eze

Dry GCP Operation | Blast furnace operation | Tech It Eze Blast Furnace Top Gas Generation Gas, Blast Furnace top से निकलती है 150–250°C Composition: CO 20–28%, CO₂, N₂ + high dust load Gas top pressure में होती है Objective: Dirty gas को बिना pressure loss के safely cleaning system तक भेजना Dust Catcher Primary Cleaning Stage Working: Gas एक बड़े chamber में enter करती है velocity अचानक कम हो जाती है • Heavy / coarse dust particles gravity से नीचे settle हो जाते हैं Operation: • Dust hopper में collect होता है • Rotary valve air lock से discharge किया जाता है Output: • लगभग 50–60% heavy dust removal Importance: • आगे के equipment Cyclone, Bag Filter को overload और choking से बचाता है 3. Cyclone Separator Secondary Cleaning Working: • Gas tangentially enter करती है vortex motion बनता है • Centrifugal force से dust wall पर जाकर नीचे गिरती है Operation: • Dust rotary valve से continuously discharge होता है Output: • Medium size particles 10–100 micron remove होते हैं • Importance: • Bag filter पर load कम करता है bag life बढ़ती है 4. Gas Cooling System Critical Control Stage Why needed: • Bag Filter high temperature सहन नहीं कर सकता Methods: • Gas cooler heat exchanger • Cooler gas के साथ mixing Control Range: • लगभग 100–140°C maintain करना होता है Instruments: • TIC Temperature Indicator Controller Importance: • High temp bag damage / fire risk • Low temp moisture condensation choking 5. Bag Filter House Final Cleaning Stage Working: • Gas fabric bags से pass होती है • Fine dust bags पर dust cake बनाकर रुक जाती है • Clean gas आगे निकल जाती है Efficiency: • Dust level 5–10 mg/Nm³ तक आ जाता है 5A. Pulse Jet Cleaning Very Important Working: • Periodic Nitrogen N₂ gas pulse दिया जाता है • Reverse flow बनता है → dust cake गिर जाती है Operation: • Timer based या ΔP based differential pressure Instruments: • ΔP indicator bag choking indication Importance: • Bags clean रहते हैं • Pressure drop control में रहता है 6. Dust Collection & Discharge System Sources: • Dust Catcher • Cyclone • Bag Filter Handling: • Rotary valves air lock • Screw conveyor / pneumatic conveying Final Use: Sinter plant recycle या disposal Critical Point: Proper sealing जरूरी है gas leakage रोकने के लिए Clean Gas Handling & Distribution After Bag Filter: Clean gas main gas header में जाती है Utilization: Hot blast stoves Boilers Power plant Instruments: PI Pressure Indicator Importance: यह plant का major fuel source होता है Process Control & Safety Interlocks Temperature Control High temp alarm bypass shutdown Bag protection के लिए जरूरी Differential Pressure ΔP High ΔP bag choking Action: pulse cleaning increase CO Gas Safety Continuous CO monitoring Leakage isolation + evacuation Explosion Protection BF gas = CO + dust explosive Measures: N₂ purging Explosion vents Proper earthing Pressure Control Stable top pressure maintain करना Use: PRV, bleeder valves Overall Flow Summary BF Top Gas to Dust Catcher to Cyclone to Gas Cooling to Bag Filter N₂ Pulse Cleaning to Clean Gas to Utilization plus Dust Recovery #BlastFurnace #IronMaking #SteelMaking #Metallurgy #GATEMetallurgy #IESMetallurgy #SAILExam #NPTEL #IITKharagpur #MetallurgicalEngineering #BPSCMains #ExtractiveMetallurgy #BlastFurnaceProcess #OreReduction #IronAndSteel #EngineeringExamsIndia