1.46 Участие СССР в Гражданской войне в Испании и в японо-китайской войне. Хасан и Халхин-Гол

"The Most Instructive Century" opens the lecture series on the "Cultural Code" channel. Doctor of Historical Sciences Alexander Shubin talks about the 20th century – the most dramatic and tragic in Russian history. This is exceptional experience that will be useful to all of us in the 21st century. Lecture 46. The USSR's Participation in the Spanish Civil War and the Sino-Japanese War. Khasan and Khalkhin Gol (1936–1939) "No pasarán!" is heard in Spain. The Republicans confront the Francoist nationalists. Moscow launches "Operation X": transferring pilots and tanks, supplying equipment and ammunition, and helping to hold Madrid. The German Condor Legion, sent by Hitler to aid Franco, bombs Spanish cities and practices rear-line strike tactics. Franco's forces break through to the Mediterranean, dividing Republican Spain, cutting off Catalonia from the central zone. The Republicans cross the Ebro, attempting to regain the initiative, but their forces are exhausted. Almost parallel to the events in Spain, the USSR launches "Operation Z." Aircraft and weapons are sent to China—logistics of an astonishing scale for the time. In the Far East, border wars are raging with Japan and its puppet Manchukuo. At Lake Khasan, Soviet units repel an attempt to occupy the heights in Primorye. At Khalkhin Gol in Mongolia, Zhukov encircles and destroys the Japanese force. Europe is moving along the "road to Munich 1938." The Sudetenland Crisis undermines collective security and pushes the world toward a major war. Does a policy of non-intervention save the aggressor time? #SpanishCivilWar #MunichConspiracy #popularFront 00:00 How did the Spanish Civil War begin? 02:20 Who led the coup in Spain? 04:24 What was the reign of terror like in Spain? 07:03 Francoism and repression. Why was the regime in Spain considered extremely cruel? 09:43 "The Republic is not a beacon of humanism either." 12:03 Why was the Spanish Revolution the most profound of all? 13:08 When and where did anarchists first enter government? 15:32 How did Stalin react to the revolution in Spain? 16:23 Why did the political spectrum of the Spanish Republic begin to split? 18:43 The Communists' New Political Tactics 20:17 Arms Aid from the French Popular Front 22:10 How Did Franco Outsmart Hitler? 23:00 How Did Hitler's Alliance with Italy and Spain Grow? 23:31 The Initial Period of the War in Spain, 1936 25:59 How Did the Policy of Non-Intervention Begin in Europe? 27:48 What Military Aid Did the USSR Provide to Spain? 32:55 The Battle for Madrid 34:00 Total Aid During Operation X 36:12 A New Type of War 37:42 Italy and Germany's Aid to Their Allies 39:24 On What Two Pillars Did the Spanish Republic Stand? 41:23 The Republican Army Struggled to Counterattack 42:00 How Did the Republicans Fight? Clashes in Barcelona 43:21 Turning Point in the Spanish Civil War 44:35 Battle of the Ebro 45:11 Sudetenland Crisis 46:37 How was the crisis resolved in favor of fascism? 46:54 How did Catalonia fall? 47:20 War in Europe 47:55 Casado Rebellion 49:07 How did Spain become Francoist? 50:16 Why did the USSR help China with weapons? 55:13 The Xi'an Incident. How did the USSR fight for power in Asia? 56:36 The Sino-Japanese War. What can be considered the de facto beginning of World War II? 58:26 Operation Z 1:00:06 Japan's Technological Superiority 1:01:52 How did the Chinese receive aid from the USSR? 1:10:31 The Lake Khasan Conflict 1:15:09 How did the USSR and Japan conclude an armistice? Stalin's Cunning 1:16:39 The Battle of Khalkhin Gol 1:19:34 What losses did the Soviet and Japanese suffer? 1:19:56 What situation did the USSR find itself in in Europe? 1:21:43 How did Hitler make claims on Czechoslovakia? 1:22:12 Hitler enters Austria 1:24:24 The Godesberg Memorandum 1:26:22 The Tesin Crisis 1:27:16 The Munich Agreement and Hitler's Deception 1:31:54 After Czechoslovakia, is Hitler planning to take on the USSR and Poland?