الغدد الصماء || كورس المصطلحات الطبيه المستوي الأول - endocrine system

Link to the Level 1 Medical Terminology Course    • مصطلحات طبيه المستوى الاول   Continuing the Level 1 Medical Terminology Course. We've covered so far the digestive system, the cardiovascular system, the nervous system, the female reproductive system, and the male reproductive system. Finally, we'll cover the respiratory system. Today, we'll explain basic medical terms related to the endocrine system. All of these videos can be found in a separate playlist called "Level 1 Medical Terminology Course." On the Al-Mukhtasar Al-Mufid channel. The endocrine system is called the endocrine system. It consists of a group of glands called glands. Glands are divided into two types: endocrine glands, which have no ducts and secrete their hormones into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands, which are external glands with special ducts, secrete chemicals that are released outside the body. Examples include the lacrimal glands, which produce tears, and the salivary glands, which produce sweat. The sweat glands, which produce sweat, are also called sweat glands. The mammary glands, which produce milk, are all ductless glands that secrete chemicals outside the body. However, endocrine glands do not have ducts and secrete substances called hormones. These hormones control the rate of many processes in the body, such as metabolism, which we will create a video specifically for. Endocrine glands include the thyroid gland located in the neck, the parathyroid glands, and the adrenal glands, which are known by their names. They are located above the kidneys and are called the adrenal glands or suprarenal glands. The pancreas is located in the abdomen behind the stomach and is called the pancreas. The pituitary gland, the leader of the endocrine glands, is located in the middle of the head and is called the pituitary gland. The ovaries in females are called the ovaries, and the testes in males are called the testes. Finally, the pineal gland, located in the center of the head and is called the pineal gland. Let's explain them gland by gland and discuss all the medical terms related to each gland. The first gland is the pineal gland. This is the least well-known gland and is not widely known. However, it secretes an important hormone called melatonin, which controls the human biological clock. This means when you sleep and when you wake up. Next, the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland secretes three hormones. The first hormone is triiodothyronine, also known as triiodothyronine or T3. Its role is to speed up metabolism. The second hormone is thyroxine, also known as tetraiodothyronine or T4. Its role is to speed up metabolism. The third hormone, recently discovered and secreted by the thyroid gland, is calcitonin, also known as calcitonin. It reduces calcium levels in the blood. Next, we come to the parathyroid glands. There are four of them, and they secrete a hormone called parathyroid hormone, also known as PTH. This is the opposite of calcitonin, as it raises calcium levels in the blood. Next, we move to the adrenal glands, or suprarenal glands. There are two of them, one above each kidney. There's a video about them that I posted on my channel about a month ago, detailing them. The bottom line is that these glands consist of two parts: An outer part called the adrenal cortex, which secretes the hormone cortisol, which raises blood glucose levels. A hormone called aldosterone, which increases sodium absorption and regulates blood pressure. Two sex hormones, androgen and estrogen, are responsible for the development of sexual characteristics in both sexes. The other part of the adrenal glands is the medulla, called the adrenal medulla. It secretes two hormones: adrenaline (also known as epinephrine) and noradrenaline (also known as norepinephrine). These hormones are responsible for the involuntary actions of the nervous system. These hormones are similar to your involuntary reaction when a dog runs after you. Next, we'll discuss the pancreas, which also has a detailed video on the channel. To summarize, the pancreas secretes two hormones: insulin and glucagon. Their roles are opposite, regulating blood sugar. Next, the master gland, the pituitary gland, also known as the hypophysis, secretes seven hormones: five from the anterior lobe and two from the posterior lobe. The five hormones from the anterior lobe include: The first hormone is growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin hormone (STH). This hormone promotes growth by stimulating protein synthesis. The second hormone is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. This hormone stimulates the growth of the thyroid gland and the production of its two hormones, T3 and T4. The third hormone is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or adrenocorticotropin. As its name suggests, it stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its hormones. The fourth hormone is a group of reproductive hormones called gonadotropic hormones. These hormones i...