A guerra que deu nome às favelas brasileiras | Canudos e Contestado

The Republic promised order and progress. In two decades, it also destroyed entire cities of poor Brazilians. Canudos (1896–1897), in the backlands of Bahia: the settlement of Belo Monte, Antônio Conselheiro, four army expeditions, and a brutal fall. And a detail that almost no one connects: the name favela traveled from Morro da Favela, in Canudos, to Rio de Janeiro. Contestado (1912–1916), between Paraná and Santa Catarina: American railroad, strip of land, expelled squatters, monk José Maria, strongholds in the forest, and a war that lasted about four years—and which is hardly taught in schools. Two wars. Two maps. The same method: calling "backwardness" what threatened the profits and order of the colonels. 📌 Sources: Euclides da Cunha (Os Sertões, with reservations), Robert Levine, Maurício Vinhas de Queiroz, Todd Diacon, documentation on the Brazil Railway and the Canudos Campaign. 👉 Subscribe to Brasil em Traços for Brazilian history with maps, documents and real investigations. ---