Acizi carboxilici . Acidul acetic . | Lectii-Virtuale.ro

Carboxylic acids . Acetic acid . Carboxylic acids are functional organic compounds that contain the carboxyl functional group (–COOH). Naming carboxylic acids: is formed from the word acid followed by the name of the hydrocarbon with the same number of carbon atoms to which the suffix –oic is added. For example, the first compound of the homologous series of carboxylic acids is called methanoic acid (HCOOH), the corresponding alkane being methane; the second compound of the series is called ethanoic acid (CH3COOH). In the case of carboxylic acids that have a branched chain or contain other substituents, the name must also specify their position. The structure of the carboxyl group includes two oxygen atoms bonded to the same carbon atom. One of the oxygen atoms is bonded to carbon through a double bond, and the other oxygen atom is bonded to carbon through a single bond, because it is part of a hydroxyl group. The image below shows the structure of the carboxyl group: Because there is a difference in electronegativity between the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms of the carboxyl group, the carboxyl group is polarized. The hydrogen atom of the group can be given up quite easily in chemical reactions, hence the acidic character of this class of compounds. Ethanoic acid or acetic acid, which we know by the common name vinegar, is the best-known carboxylic acid. Acetic acid is the major component of the liquid obtained by natural fermentation of wine, a liquid called wine vinegar. Acetic fermentation refers to the enzymatic oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid. Acetic fermentation occurs when a liquid containing ethanol comes into contact with air and is subjected to the action of bacteria (Mycoderma aceti). These bacteria contain alcohol oxidase, the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid. Acetic acid can give up the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group, thus forming the acetate ion: CH3 – COO-. Acetic acid is a weak acid: in the reaction with water, it ionizes only partially. The acidic character of acetic acid is manifested in reactions with active metals, metal oxides, hydroxides and salts of acids weaker than it such as carbonates, i.e. salts of carbonic acid. The esterification reaction is the reaction between an acid and an alcohol by which a water molecule is eliminated and an ester is formed. The reaction between acetic acid and ethanol, in the presence of a strong acid, forms an ester called ethyl acetate. ... For more details Visit https://lectii-virtuale.ro/ with FREE access to more movies and solved exercises! On https://lectii-virtuale.ro/ you can find: video lessons in math, physics and chemistry, memorization with theoretical concepts and formulas, evaluation tests with complete solutions. To subscribe to our channel, click here:    / @lecțiivirtuale   #carboxylic acids, #acetic acid, #carboxyl, #hydrocarbons, #carboxyl, #ethanoic acid, #carbonic acid Facebook Lectii-Virtuale.ro:   / lectiivirtuale   Youtube Lectii-Virtuale.ro:    / lec%c8%9biivirtuale   LinkedIn Lectii-Virtuale.ro:   / lectii-virtuale-204397112   Twitter Lectii-Virtuale.ro:   / lectiivirtuale   https://Lectii-Virtuale.ro is an online education platform that helps students, teachers, and parents in Romania! We offer you video lessons in 3 essential subjects: mathematics, physics and chemistry. Each lesson is accompanied by a theory memo and an evaluation test with complete, step-by-step solutions. Our main concern is to present the concepts and phenomena covered by the school curriculum in a manner that stimulates understanding, not mechanical memorization. Through Virtual Lessons, we aim to facilitate access to quality educational content, while providing feedback on performance. https://Lectii-Virtuale.ro reserves the copyright for the content of the materials on the site, video channels and Social Media networks. Integration into platforms, partial takeover is allowed only with mention of the source, according to the legislation in force. Full takeover of the content is allowed only with written consent.