External Spinal Cord (Surface, Segments, Spinal Nerve, Enlargements, Reflex Arch) - Anatomy

🌐 Website: https://taimtalksmed.com/ šŸ«€ Help keep this content free: Ā Ā Ā /Ā @taimtalksmedĀ Ā  šŸ”¬ Get 10% off anatomy lab models (affiliate link): https://anatomywarehouse.com?aff=34 šŸ“² Other Links: Instagram: Ā Ā /Ā taimtalksmedĀ Ā  Discord: Ā Ā /Ā discordĀ Ā  Content: 0:00 Introduction 1:07 Topography of Spinal Cord 2:44 External Surface of Spinal Cord 3:41 Spinal Segments 5:15 Spinal Nerve and Vertebral Canal 7:33 Enlargements of the Spinal Cord 8:27 Spinal Nerve Anatomy 14:13 Reflex Arch Topography of Spinal Cord (Medulla Spinalis) Vertebral Canal (Canalis Vertebralis) Covered by: ā—‹ Pia Mater ā—‹ Arachnoid Mater ā—‹ Dura Mater Foramen Magnus to L1/L2 40-45 cm long Medullary Cone (Conus Medullaris) Filum Terminale (Terminal Thread) Cauda Equina External Surface of Spinal Cord: Anterior Surface ā—‹ Anterior Median Fissure (Fissura Mediana Anterior) ā—‹ Right Anteriolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Anterolateralis Dexter) ā—‹ Left Anterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Anterolateralis Sinister) Posterior Surface ā—‹ Posterior Median Sulcus (Sulcus Medianus Posterior) ā—‹ Right Posterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Posterolateralis Dexter) ā—‹ Left Posterolateral Sulcus (Sulcus Posterolateralis Sinister) Segments of the Spinal Cord 8 cervical segments 12 thoracic segments 5 lumbar segments 5 sacral segemnts 1 coccygeal segments Spinal nerves going out throguh Intervertebral Openings (Foramina Intervertebralis) Relationship between the spinal cord and the vertebra: Spinous processes of cranial cervical vertebrae Correspond to same segment Spinous processes of caudal cervical vertebrae Segment +1 (e.g. vertebra C7 = spinal segment C8) Spinous processes of cranial thoracic vertebrae – segment + 2 (e.g. vertebra T3 = spinal segment T5) Spinous processes of caudal thoracic vertebrae – segment + 3 Vertebrae T10–T12 – lumbar segments L1–L4 Vertebrae T12–L1 (epiconus) – lumbar and sacral segments L5–S2 Vertebrae L1–L2 (conus) – sacral and single coccygeal segments S3–S5 and Co Enlargements of the Spinal Cord Cervical Enlargement (Intumenencia Cervicalis) ā—‹ Brachial Plexus Lumbosacral Enlargement (Intumenencia Lumbosacralis) ā—‹ Sacral and Lumbar Plexuses Anatomy of the Spinal Nerve: Spinal Nerves synapse with nuclei in gray matter of spinal cord Posterior Root / Sensory Root (Radix Sensoria) ā—‹ Enter through the posterolateral sulci ā—‹ Spinal Ganglion / Dorsal Root Ganglion (Ganglion sensorium nervi spinalis) ā—‹ Pseudounipolar neurons Anterior Root / Motor Root (Radix Motoria) ā—‹ Enter throguh the anterolateral sulci Spinal Nerve contain: ā—‹ Sensory Fibers ā—‹ Motor Fibers ā—‹ Sympathetic Fibers (Between C8-L2) ā—‹ Parasympathetic Fibers (Between S2-S4) Branches of the Spinal Nerve ā—‹ Ventral Branch § Cervical Plexus § Brachial Plexus § Lumbar Plexus § Sacral Plexus ā—‹ Dorsal Branch ā—‹ White Ramus Communicans ā—‹ Meningeal Branch Reflex Arch Mono-Synaptic Reflex ā—‹ Patellar Tendon Reflex Multi-Synaptic Reflex ā—‹ Withdrawal Reflex Sources used in this video: Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by HudĆ”k Radovan (Author), KachlĆ­k David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author) Biorender University notes and lectures

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