NUSANGA UFITE IBI BIMENYETSO 10 UZAMENYE KO WANDUYE SIDA

#VIH/SIDA igira stades enye z'iterambere ry'indwara. Muri buri cyiciro, hari ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara, ariko hari n'igihe #umuntu ashobora kuba nta kimenyetso agaragaza. Dore ibisobanuro by'ibimenyetso hashingiwe ku buryo indwara itera imbere: --- 1. Stade ya mbere (Icyiciro cya mbere): Seroconversion cyangwa Infection aiguë Iki ni igihe umuntu aheruka kwandura virus. Virus iba irimo kwiyongera mu mubiri, kandi ubudahangarwa buratangira gukora cyane. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara: Umuriro udasanzwe (fever). Kubabara mu mihogo. Kubira ibyuya nijoro. Imvubura (ganglions) zibyimbye mu ijosi, mu kwaha cyangwa mu rukenyerero. Umunaniro n’ikunze k'umubiri. Ibiheri cyangwa uduheri ku ruhu (rash) tutababaza. Kubabara mu ngingo cyangwa mu misokoro. NB: Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kumera nk'ibya gripa, bikamara icyumweru kimwe cyangwa bibiri hanyuma bikagenda. --- 2. Stade ya kabiri: Latence clinique (icyiciro cya gisanzwe) Muri iki cyiciro, umuntu ashobora kumara imyaka myinshi nta kimenyetso agaragaza, ariko virus ikomeza kwangiza uturinda-mubiri (CD4). #Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara: Gusa n’ukuneshwa n’umunaniro. Kubura ibiro gahoro gahoro. Kubyimba k'uturugingo tw’imvubura (ganglions) bigenda bigaruka. Kubira ibyuya nijoro. Iki cyiciro gishobora kumara imyaka 5 kugeza kuri 10 cyangwa irenga, bitewe n'uko umubiri w'umuntu witwara. --- 3. Stade ya gatatu: Infection symptomatique (icyiciro cy’ibimenyetso bigaragara) Virus iba imaze kugabanya cyane ingufu z’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri. Indwara zitandukanye zitangira kugaragara. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara: #Umuriro uhoraho udakira. Kwituma bihoraho (diarrhée y’igihe kirekire). Gutakaza ibiro byinshi (wasting syndrome). Kubira ibyuya nijoro bikabije. Ibyuya mu kanwa cyangwa infections za candidiasis. Infections z’uruhu nko kuba ufite ibiheri cyangwa ibibyimba. Isereri, ibibazo by’umutwe, no kubabara mu ngingo. #Umwijima cyangwa ibibazo by’amara. --- 4. Stade ya kane: SIDA (icyiciro cya nyuma) Iki ni icyiciro gikomeye aho umubiri uba utakibasha kwirinda indwara z’ibyuririzi (opportunistic infections). #Ibimenyetso bigaragara muri iki cyiciro: Infections zikomeye nka pneumonia, #tuberculosis (TB), cyangwa cryptococcal meningitis. Kanseri nko Kaposi's sarcoma cyangwa lymphoma. Umuriro udakira n'umubiri wananirwa. Kubabara kw’amagufa n’imitsi. Gutakaza ibiro byinshi cyane (cachexia). Amaboko cyangwa amaguru yabyimbye (lymphedema). Kwibagirwa, ibibazo byo mu mutwe cyangwa demence. --- Inama n’Ubufasha Gukora ikizamini cya #VIH ni yo nzira yonyine yo kumenya neza uko uhagaze. Kwivuza hakiri kare ukoresheje imiti igabanya ubukana (ARVs) bishobora gutuma ubaho neza nubwo wanduye. Jya ugana inzego z'ubuvuzi zitanga ubufasha kuri VIH/#SIDA, kandi wirinde guheranwa n'ikimwaro. Iyo udafashe ingamba zo kwivuza, indwara irakomeza kugenda igera ku byiciro bikomeye, ari byo bikurura ibibazo bikomeye.