German Submarine Warfare in Hawaiʻi - Alex Holowicki

Using case studies, specifically the sinking of ships like the Aztec, Rockingham, and Kansan, this talk explores how Germany’s submarine warfare was leveraged in Hawaiʻi to promote Americanization and military recruitment among Native Hawaiians. Presentation given as part of the National WWI Museum and Memorial's 2025 Symposium: Beyond the Trenches: Indirect Approaches and Irregular Warfare in WWI (https://theworldwar.org/symposia) For more information about the National WWI Museum and Memorial visit http://theworldwar.org