الخلافة العباسية من هارون الرشيد إلى المتوكل (786–861م) | الدولة العباسية

In the second part of the Abbasid Caliphate series on Waraq TV, we move to the period when the Abbasid Caliphate reached its zenith, and from which the seeds of transformation and division also began to sprout. The episode begins with Harun al-Rashid, one of the most famous Abbasid caliphs. During his reign, Baghdad reached its peak of political, economic, and cultural prosperity, and the Barmakids played a prominent role in managing the state. This era ended with one of the most famous events in Abbasid history: the downfall of the Barmakids. The episode also explores the features of the golden age during al-Rashid's reign, from the expansion of Abbasid influence to the flourishing of science and literature, relations with Charlemagne, and finally, al-Rashid's end in Khorasan. The episode then delves into the most dangerous turning point in the history of the Abbasid Caliphate: the war between al-Amin and al-Ma'mun, also known as the Fourth Fitna. This civil war tore Baghdad apart, weakened the Abbasid state from within, and altered the landscape of power in the Islamic world for many years. Then we follow the reign of Caliph al-Ma'mun, which witnessed the rebuilding of the state after the Fitna (civil war), alongside one of the greatest periods of scientific renaissance in Islamic history: the House of Wisdom, the translation movement, al-Khwarizmi, al-Kindi, and the flourishing of science and philosophy in Baghdad. Conversely, the episode also addresses a highly sensitive aspect of al-Ma'mun's reign: the Mihna (inquisition) and the imposition of the doctrine of the createdness of the Quran, and the resulting intellectual and religious division within the state. The episode then moves to the reign of al-Mu'tasim, the beginning of the rise of the Turks in the Abbasid army, the founding of Samarra, and the conquest of Amorium. It continues to the reign of al-Wathiq and the continuation of the Mihna, culminating in the reign of al-Mutawakkil, who represented a major turning point: the abolition of the Mihna, the restoration of the status of Sunnis, the attempt to curb the influence of the Turks, and then the bloody end with his assassination in 861 CE, a moment that ushered in an era of weakened caliphs and the dominance of the military. If you are interested in the Abbasid Caliphate, Harun al-Rashid, the Barmakids, the downfall of the Barmakids, al-Amin and al-Ma'mun, the Fourth Fitna, the House of Wisdom, al-Ma'mun, al-Mu'tasim, Samarra, the conquest of Amorium, the Mihna (Inquisition), al-Mutawakkil, and the history of the Abbasid Caliphate—this episode takes you through one of the most important periods in Islamic history, from its zenith to the beginning of its decline. In this episode, you will find: Harun al-Rashid and the Golden Age of the Abbasid Caliphate The Barmakids and the Downfall of the Barmakids Al-Amin and al-Ma'mun The Abbasid Civil War The Siege of Baghdad The House of Wisdom and the Translation Movement Al-Khwarizmi and al-Kindi The Mihna and the Creation of the Quran Al-Mu'tasim and the Construction of Samarra The Conquest of Amorium Al-Wathiq Al-Mutawakkil The Assassination of al-Mutawakkil The Beginning of Turkish Influence in the Abbasid Caliphate Watch the episode and share your opinion: Who was the most influential figure during this period: Harun al-Rashid, al-Ma'mun, or al-Mutawakkil? --- Waraq Channel presents a profound journey through time to uncover the secrets of history and the civilizations that shaped the world. Through engaging storytelling and meticulous analysis of pivotal events and battles, the channel sheds light on the wars and conflicts that shaped the course of nations and peoples, showcasing inspiring tales from bygone eras. In addition, the channel offers summaries of history books, helping viewers understand the contexts and multifaceted dimensions of the past in a clear and informative way. It's your destination for all things historical, from the details of major battles to the pulse of daily life in civilizations that spanned centuries. #History #Civilizations #Wars #HistoricalStories #BookSummaries Shaie Channel:    / @xshaie   Legends Channel:    / @asateir   Paper Clippings:    / @waraqs   To Join:    / @waraq