Escola Bahiana de Medicina | EBMSP | 2025.1

🚨 CONTENT COVERED IN THE CLASS 🚨 ✓ Resolution of the Chemistry test of the Bahian School of Medicine (EBMSP) 2025.1 Question 24 - Bahian School of Medicine (EBMSP) 0:20 Since 2015, the Rockfeller Foundation and the Scientific Journal The Lancet have been showing scientific evidence of the impacts of environmental pollution on human health. Environmental changes often result from consumption and production patterns based on the use of non-renewable natural resources, excessive use of fertilizers and agricultural pesticides, increased concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in the atmosphere, water pollution by industrial chemical waste, among other anthropogenic activities. Based on this information, combined with knowledge about the properties of chemical substances and materials, the following is correct: C) Reforestation of deforested areas contributes to the absorption of CO2(g), a greenhouse gas, and to the replacement of molecular oxygen, O2(g). Question 25 - Bahiana School of Medicine (EBMSP) 7:06 The chemical equilibrium between carbon dioxide, one of the greenhouse gases, dissolved in water and solid calcium carbonate, present in mineral sediments in aquatic systems, is important in determining chemical parameters of natural waters such as pH and concentration of dissolved calcium ions. The reaction between calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide in these aquatic systems is represented, in a simplified manner, in the chemical equilibrium below. D) The increase in temperature in aquatic systems reduces the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide and, consequently, of hydrogen carbonate ions. Question 26 - Bahian School of Medicine (EBMSP) 15:01 Toxicology and ecotoxicology study, respectively, the harmful effects of chemical substances on organisms and ecosystems. The toxicity of mercury(II) sulfate, HgSO4, for example, depends on the amount of this substance to which an organism is exposed and the mode of exposure. This salt, used in chemical analyses, is a white solid that is highly toxic when ingested, inhaled or in contact with the skin. It decomposes at a temperature of 450°C, and the estimated acute toxicity by inhalation of this powdered salt is 0.051 mg per liter of inhaled air. In addition, mercury(II) sulfate is highly toxic to the environment, with long-lasting harmful effects on organisms in aquatic systems. Considering this information, knowledge about the structure and properties of inorganic compounds, and that mercury(II) sulfate has a molar mass of 297gmol−1, it is correct to state that Question 27 - Bahiana School of Medicine (EBMSP) 22:37 The increase in air pollution in Brazil, resulting from recent forest fires, can worsen the symptoms of diseases such as asthma, which causes swelling and narrowing of the airways. The use of inhalers, commonly known as inhalers, causes the medication used to treat this disease to be dispersed directly into the lungs, more quickly relieving symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. The metered dose inhaler, MDI, one of the devices used to administer asthma medication, commonly uses a chemical compound from the class of chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, as a propellant gas. These substances are also used as refrigerant gases and are being replaced by other non-chlorine compounds, such as hydrofluoroalkanes, HFAs, due to the major impact they have on the ozone layer. Question 28 - Bahian School of Medicine (EBMSP) 29:23 The increase in air pollution in Brazil, resulting from recent forest fires, may aggravate the symptoms of diseases such as asthma, which causes swelling and narrowing of the airways. The use of inhalers, commonly known as inhalers, causes the medication used to treat this disease to be dispersed directly into the lungs, more quickly relieving symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. Among the drugs used in medications to treat and control asthma symptoms are methylprednisolone, an anti-inflammatory corticosteroid used under medical prescription in acute attacks, and budesonide, indicated for long-term treatment. Regarding the chemical structures that represent the drugs methylprednisolone and budesonide, what is stated in is correct. ✏️ Spreadsheet with ALL the lessons on the channel - https://bit.ly/4cQRqwP 🔔 SUBSCRIBE TO THE CHANNEL - https://bit.ly/3zY1x21 👍 Did you like the video? Leave your LIKE! 💳 Want to help with the continuation of the project: PIX key [email protected] Follow me on social media too: ✏️Instagram:   / prof_igor_quimica   ✏️Twitter:   / igorsuga   ✏️Blog: https://igorsuga.wordpress.com/ #chemistry #igorquimica #bahiana #EBMSP